Agriculture – How important is sunlight for the plant?
Soil is a grave of death of the plant without the intervention of sunlight, but with the sunlight, the soil is source of sustenance or food for the plant
GGJ II/216 = NRJC 5/58
[6] With the plant the roots remain in the soil, within the mildew grave of the seed, drawing its material sustenance therefrom. This food however would soon bring death to the plant if not purified through the action of sunlight.
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Wednesday, July 13, 2011
Different Type of Soil for Each Plant
Different Type of Soil for Each Plant
[3] One has different varieties of grain, like the smooth and bearded wheat, two- and four-line barley, the high grain, the oat, the big maize wheat; then you have the lentils, the vetches and different types of beans; and behold, these different types also always require a different soil, without which they could not grow. A certain variety of grain requires a firm clay ground, another also clay ground which however must always be properly fertilized otherwise the grain is not going to grow. Again another type of grain requires a loose and stony and another a sandy soil. Some types of grain require a moist and again another a dry ground. All this is taught to the people by experience.
GGJ II/205 [NRJC 5/47]
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[3] One has different varieties of grain, like the smooth and bearded wheat, two- and four-line barley, the high grain, the oat, the big maize wheat; then you have the lentils, the vetches and different types of beans; and behold, these different types also always require a different soil, without which they could not grow. A certain variety of grain requires a firm clay ground, another also clay ground which however must always be properly fertilized otherwise the grain is not going to grow. Again another type of grain requires a loose and stony and another a sandy soil. Some types of grain require a moist and again another a dry ground. All this is taught to the people by experience.
GGJ II/205 [NRJC 5/47]
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AGRICULTURE – A GRAIN OF WHEAT IN DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURE – A GRAIN OF WHEAT IN DEVELOPMENT
GGJ II/216 = NRJC 5/58
[1] (The Lord): “Behold a grain of wheat! When placed in the Earth it must decay, and the tender sprout shoots forth only from the mildew of decay. What does this say in respect of man’s nature?
[2] Behold, the casting of healthy, lovely seed corresponds to man’s initial coming into being! It is like the incarnation of the more or less fully developed soul, whose pre-incarnal habitat is the air, particularly the middle elevation of the mountains, at the cessation of the wooded latitude, reaching to the snow or ice region.
[3] Once a fully assembled soul has reached its desired consistency in the atmosphere, it descends progressively to the altitude of human habitation, obtaining sustenance from the outer ethereal aura surrounding every human, and stays wherever it is attracted by the similarity of its being.
[4] In proximity to where spouses feel the urge to procreate, such a fully ripened and spouses resembling nature-soul, through a hint from its aura, or attracted by the increased power of the spouses’ auras, enters with some degree of compulsion during copulation into the man’s pro-creational stream and is placed into a small egg through it, this being referred to as fertilization. And behold, from there on, the life-soul resembles the grain of seed, and within the mother’s womb undergoes corresponding phases until birth into the world, as did the grain of seed is driving the sprout up to the surface!
[5] From thereon commence the sundry developmental phases, the interior after the exterior.
[6] With the plant the roots remain in the soil, within the mildew grave of the seed, drawing its material sustenance therefrom. This food however would soon bring death to the plant if not purified through the action of sunlight.
[7] The stalk’s first section still contains fairly dense fluids. Once this has developed as a base, the stalk is as it were tied off by a ring. Through this ring, much finer tubules then pass, capable of carrying only much thinner and finer liquids.
[8] From these, a second tier to the stalk emerges. As the fluids of the second tier are also still of a relatively material consistency and progressively so a second ring with still finer tubules is tied off, through which only very fine fluids can penetrate, for sustaining the life-spirit hovering above them, akin to Moses’ statement: ‘and the Spirit of God moved upon the waters’.
[9] With time, these juices or waters also become too coarse for the plant life moving above them capable of:? Smother in the life. And so a third ring with very fine tubules is tied off by the spirit moving above the waters. Through such third ring, only exceedingly ethereal fluids, with much effort are able to penetrate through to their now exceedingly homogeneous spirit moving above them. But the spirit is quite capable of discerning whether or not the juices above the third ring are fit for its further development. If it finds them too coarse after a time and hence containing still too many traces of judgment and death, a fourth, fifth, sixth and even seventh ring is tied, until the liquids are so ethereally pure as to show no further trace of death.
[10] Only then a step forward to a new stage occurs. The juice now passing through the microscopic tubules is formed into a bud and flower, provided with organs capable of impregnation with the lighter life from the heavens.
[11] After the flower has provided this service, it is cast off as ostentatious wisdom gaudiness, through whose beauty and stimulant it attracts the actual love-life ether, which in itself is everything and does not need any further outer gaudiness. For behold, every flower is a well-adorned bride, who ensnares the bridegroom with making herself up! Once the bridegroom can call her his own, however, the make-up is discarded, and humble seriousness of life commences.
[12] Only then does the true fruit of life begin to gather and develop itself. And if the action then focuses on the more complete ripening of the fruit, then life, having escaped all preceding hazards, fortifies itself as in a sturdy castle against any potential external enemy.
[13] Wherever life begins to develop and ripens too rapidly, it shall also have feeble consistency. And behold, wherever some external enemy approaches such premature fruit, it is too intensely attracted by it and, entering into a relationship with it, lays its fruit into the premature plant-life. This parasitic life then draws the tender plant-life unto itself, spoiling and destroying it. The resultant maggoty fruits are ample evidence thereof.
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GGJ II/216 = NRJC 5/58
[1] (The Lord): “Behold a grain of wheat! When placed in the Earth it must decay, and the tender sprout shoots forth only from the mildew of decay. What does this say in respect of man’s nature?
[2] Behold, the casting of healthy, lovely seed corresponds to man’s initial coming into being! It is like the incarnation of the more or less fully developed soul, whose pre-incarnal habitat is the air, particularly the middle elevation of the mountains, at the cessation of the wooded latitude, reaching to the snow or ice region.
[3] Once a fully assembled soul has reached its desired consistency in the atmosphere, it descends progressively to the altitude of human habitation, obtaining sustenance from the outer ethereal aura surrounding every human, and stays wherever it is attracted by the similarity of its being.
[4] In proximity to where spouses feel the urge to procreate, such a fully ripened and spouses resembling nature-soul, through a hint from its aura, or attracted by the increased power of the spouses’ auras, enters with some degree of compulsion during copulation into the man’s pro-creational stream and is placed into a small egg through it, this being referred to as fertilization. And behold, from there on, the life-soul resembles the grain of seed, and within the mother’s womb undergoes corresponding phases until birth into the world, as did the grain of seed is driving the sprout up to the surface!
[5] From thereon commence the sundry developmental phases, the interior after the exterior.
[6] With the plant the roots remain in the soil, within the mildew grave of the seed, drawing its material sustenance therefrom. This food however would soon bring death to the plant if not purified through the action of sunlight.
[7] The stalk’s first section still contains fairly dense fluids. Once this has developed as a base, the stalk is as it were tied off by a ring. Through this ring, much finer tubules then pass, capable of carrying only much thinner and finer liquids.
[8] From these, a second tier to the stalk emerges. As the fluids of the second tier are also still of a relatively material consistency and progressively so a second ring with still finer tubules is tied off, through which only very fine fluids can penetrate, for sustaining the life-spirit hovering above them, akin to Moses’ statement: ‘and the Spirit of God moved upon the waters’.
[9] With time, these juices or waters also become too coarse for the plant life moving above them capable of:? Smother in the life. And so a third ring with very fine tubules is tied off by the spirit moving above the waters. Through such third ring, only exceedingly ethereal fluids, with much effort are able to penetrate through to their now exceedingly homogeneous spirit moving above them. But the spirit is quite capable of discerning whether or not the juices above the third ring are fit for its further development. If it finds them too coarse after a time and hence containing still too many traces of judgment and death, a fourth, fifth, sixth and even seventh ring is tied, until the liquids are so ethereally pure as to show no further trace of death.
[10] Only then a step forward to a new stage occurs. The juice now passing through the microscopic tubules is formed into a bud and flower, provided with organs capable of impregnation with the lighter life from the heavens.
[11] After the flower has provided this service, it is cast off as ostentatious wisdom gaudiness, through whose beauty and stimulant it attracts the actual love-life ether, which in itself is everything and does not need any further outer gaudiness. For behold, every flower is a well-adorned bride, who ensnares the bridegroom with making herself up! Once the bridegroom can call her his own, however, the make-up is discarded, and humble seriousness of life commences.
[12] Only then does the true fruit of life begin to gather and develop itself. And if the action then focuses on the more complete ripening of the fruit, then life, having escaped all preceding hazards, fortifies itself as in a sturdy castle against any potential external enemy.
[13] Wherever life begins to develop and ripens too rapidly, it shall also have feeble consistency. And behold, wherever some external enemy approaches such premature fruit, it is too intensely attracted by it and, entering into a relationship with it, lays its fruit into the premature plant-life. This parasitic life then draws the tender plant-life unto itself, spoiling and destroying it. The resultant maggoty fruits are ample evidence thereof.
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Saturday, August 7, 2010
GOD’S SIMPLE & AFFORDALBE WAY OUT OF POVERTY: SOIL TOILET
GOD’S SIMPLE & AFFORDALBE WAY OUT OF POVERTY: SOIL TOILET
YeHoWaH, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, was and is always a God of freedom. In the Old Testament, He demonstrated His freedom-loving and freedom-giving quality by liberating the Israelites from the 430-year bondage of Egypt.
One type of freedom is the freedom from occupation, colonization or oppression by a foreign people. In the years 1677 B.C. to 1462 B.C. Egypt was the oppressor to Israel; from A.D. 1521 to A.D. 1898, Spain was the enslaver of the Philippines.
Through Moses, YeHoWaH plucked out Israel from slavery in Egypt. Through the Americans and Filipino revolutionaries, God physically removed the Spaniards from the Philippines.
But the slavery to sins such as those injected to the slaves by the enslavers did not go away with their human agents. The sins remained, even though the sin-teachers had already gone away.
Bonifacio and other Filipino revolutionaries thought that by driving the Spaniards away, the Filipinos would finally be free. Yes and No. Yes, physically and politically, we were set free; there were no more Spaniards who ruled over us. But No too because even if the Spaniards were gone, we were still slaves to sins and vices perpetrated by those evil occupiers for our weakening and continuous downfall. True, indeed, a little more than a century after the exit of the Spaniards, the vices of gambling especially cards and cockfighting, smoking, drunkenness and others have transmuted from being seeds into huge trees now, overshadowing the whole nation – read: almost every Filipino is either a practitioner or a supporter of such vices.
So the sins-vices-teachers are gone – the Spaniards. But sins-vices remained, even worsened!
No Moses or Rizal or Bonifacio can set us free from sins and vices. In the Old Testament, Moses was called to help deliver political and economic freedom to the Israelites, but not freedom from sin and death.
Jesus was to be needed 1,500 years later to become our deliverer from sins and vices. So, we have the whole New Testament teachings focused on spiritual freedom – freedom from sins-vices only possible with the Lord Jesus’ selfless sacrifice and teachings.
Much of this spiritual freedom has been discussed by our pastors, priests and ministers. What I am interested in this article to cite is this: THE OLD TESTAMENT IS REPLETE OF IDEAS HOW TO BE ECONOMICALLY FREE, e.g., free from poverty.
POVERTY ALLEVIATION IDEA NO. 1: BURY YOUR HUMAN WASTE IN THE SOIL ESPECIALLY IN YOUR FARM AND GARDEN, NOT INSIDE IN A SEPTIC TANK.
The Old Testament is replete with ideas that can make us prosperous. Among these ideas, I would now choose one to discuss.
It is about: HUMAN WASTE AS A KEY TO SUSTAINABLE AND PRODUCTIVE AGRICULTURE.
Let us quote Deuteronomy 23:
Deu 23:12 [niv]Designate a place outside the camp where you can go to relieve yourself.
[kjv]Thou shalt have a place also without the camp, whither thou shalt go forth abroad:
Deu 23:13 [niv]As part of your equipment have something to dig with, and when you relieve yourself, dig a hole and cover up your excrement.
[kjv]And thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon; and it shall be, when thou wilt ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee:
Deu 23:14 [niv]For the LORD your God moves about in your camp to protect you and to deliver your enemies to you. Your camp must be holy, so that he will not see among you anything indecent and turn away from you.
[kjv]For the LORD thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp, to deliver thee, and to give up thine enemies before thee; therefore shall thy camp be holy: that he see no unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee.
The obvious reason why YeHoWaH commanded the Israelites to cover their excrement with earth or soil is HYGIENCE. This ordinance on waste disposal is “to protect you” e.g., from diseases and to keep their camp holy (clean).
But there is more to it than meets the eye.
In my years of study of God’s Word, Ways, Will and in my knowing of His Heart and Mind (which thing you can do if you are familiar with His Word and with His actual dealing with you in real experience of sincere obedience), many of His commands or ideas has more than one purpose.
So it is with the case of Deuteronomy 23:12-14. It is more than to merely keep us holy (clean). Holiness or hygiene is just one of the purposes. One other remarkable purpose of Deuteronomy 23:12-14 YeHoWaH mentioned in separate place – in Genesis 1:26:
Gen 1:28 [niv]God blessed them and said to them, "Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground."
[kjv]And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.
Take note of the NIV phrase “fill the earth” which is less expressive of what it should mean. KJV is more accurate: “replenish the earth.” It simply means that (1) what we have used up or consumed, we must replenish or return through known ways. For example, what is the known way of returning the trees that we cut? By replanting of course! But the selfish man, be he the poor firewood cutter or the multi-millionaire logging concessionaire, is content to have meet his personal need, which soon is become clear to be selfish because he leaves the place bald and exposed to erosion. Irresponsible! Selfish! He is not thinking about the future of his descendants when they will inherit the land without trees and in effect without soil! And that is because of his own pre-occupation with the self and his lack of concern and foresight for the good of his descendants.
Why did YeHoWaH, our wise and loving eternal heavenly Father, command us Deuteronomy 23:12-14, that is, TO BURY OUR EXCREMENT IN THE SOIL?
If you have been exposed in agriculture long enough, then you can discover clearly the wisdom of YeHoWaH why He commanded the Israelites (as our demonstrators) and us (supposed to learn from their example) to bury our stools in the soil, instead of keeping them packed inside a septic tank. The other very useful purpose of Deuteronomy 23:12-14 is Genesis 1:28: TO HELP REPLENISH THE EARTH. In other words, to re-fertilize the land, to return the lost nutrients to the soil. Nutrients are “lost” if the soil is eroded or washed out to the lower valleys or into the seas and/or if the nutrients have been taken in by plants in making food (fruits and seeds).
So, there is a need to replenish the earth. And so, YeHoWaH our eternal Father, our
Gen 1:28 [niv]God blessed them and said to them, "Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground."
[kjv]And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.
Again, why did Father YeHoWaH command us to observe the seemingly unhygienic practice of toileting in the soil – in the garden – in the open? The answer is Genesis 1:28 – to help restore the fertility of the soil.
Such a wonderful idea
Your eyes will be opened to the brilliantly beautiful idea when you engage in organic farming or have exposure to different methods of farming.
One method used now in the Philippines, particularly by the vegetable farmers of Baguio City and Benguet province, is said to be the use of human excrement removed from full septic tank.
The discovery might be accidental. One problem in big metropolitan like Metro Manila is how or where to dispose their voluminous human waste every time the septic tanks of family and commercial comfort rooms or toilets got full.
So, there was some minds looking for solutions and were guided to think of suctioning the still liquid or shoveling the already solid ones and throw them elsewhere. And there was someone who said, “Let them be used to fertilize the gardens in Baguio and Benguet.”
The rest is history. What we have now is a very productive vegetable industry in these places. Baguio and Benguet or Mountain Province is the area which grow the vegetables which feed the millions of people in the huge metropolitan cities of Metro Manila.
I doubt if they had read the Ordinance of Human Waste Recycling in Deuteronomy 23:12-14. I believe they have not. They only discovered the method by chance or out of necessity, e.g., there was a need to throw Metro Manila’s excrements or re-use it.
But aware of the Deuteronomy 23 ordinance or not, the observance of this Old Testament ordinance nevertheless works wonderfully for the farmers of Baguio/Benguet/ Mountain Province.
They are a living proof that YeHoWaH’s way is the true way towards emancipation from poverty.
***
EVERY FAMILY MUST BE SELF-SUFFICIENT IN FOOD
There is an urgent need now for each family TO BECOME SELF-SUFFICIENT IN FOOD, at least in vegetable and spices first, if not in corn or rice.
The man of the average family is earning P150.00 to P200.00 a day through labor, e.g., working for another, sewing, baking, carpentry, etc.
About half of it is consumed for fish, vegetable and spices – in short, viand. Therefore, if we can find a way to save it, then, such amount (P75 to P100 a day or P2,215.00 to P3,000.00 a month) can be used for other needs of the family, particularly in educating the children.
One way to do this is: GARDENING/FARMING.
But there have been many of us who have been discouraged from doing backyard gardening due to the cost of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and the diminishing return associated with it. The longer you engage in inorganic farming or gardening, the higher will your expenses become, but the harvest will continue to diminish in the long run.
So, people don’t see farming or gardening to be that attractive.
What we did not realize was there has been an organic way to do our gardening and farming which guarantees continuous increase of yield over the years, even without increasing the size or area of your garden and farm.
That system is articulated as the ORDINANCE OF HUMAN WASTE RECYCLING IN DEUTERONOMY 23.
Let me quote again:
Deu 23:12 [niv]Designate a place outside the camp where you can go to relieve yourself.
[kjv]Thou shalt have a place also without the camp, whither thou shalt go forth abroad:
Deu 23:13 [niv]As part of your equipment have something to dig with, and when you relieve yourself, dig a hole and cover up your excrement.
[kjv]And thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon; and it shall be, when thou wilt ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee:
Deu 23:14 [niv]For the LORD your God moves about in your camp to protect you and to deliver your enemies to you. Your camp must be holy, so that he will not see among you anything indecent and turn away from you.
[kjv]For the LORD thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp, to deliver thee, and to give up thine enemies before thee; therefore shall thy camp be holy: that he see no unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee.
The Ordinance says: Do not keep your human feces inside septic tank where they will not be useful or re-useful/ reusable. Hygienic, yes. There is no doubt we all agree that our water-sealed toilet system where our excrements are kept inside septic tank, is hygienic.
But that is only serving one purpose – the purpose of having hygiene or being clean and free from sickness.
There is another very important purpose not served by this septic tank system. And this purpose is having a sustainable agriculture through the recycling of our human waste – our excrements – our stools.
How? In a very simple way – as simple and as affordable and doable as burying your excrement in the soil!
That’s all!
There is no need for expensive machinery to do that. There is no need to buy anything to do that. The poorest of the poor can do that. There is no need to get capital or get a loan or get indebted to someone else before you can implement that. Even little children can do that. It is so simple. Just “dig a hole and cover up your excrement” is the simplest of all simple instructions.
Just do it and you will see the blessings of a productive cost-less garden and farm! Since your stool or excrement or feces is free, there is no additional expenses incurred in your gardening/ farming – no fertilizer to buy.
And above all, since our feces are far more nutritious than the manure of the animals, it follows out that our garden will yield more, yeah, much more if we continue also to use animal manure, as our tradition has been.
What we missed is Deuteronomy 23:12-14!
SOME OTHER TESTIMONIES IN FAVOR OF DEUTERONOMY 23:12-14
Testimony # 1:
A radio anchor man and also an advocate of natural farming, did not install a toilet in his house. He just enclosed his house with a high fence and left a small land area adjacent to this kitchen where members of the family remove and bury their excrement.
But it was done systematically, from one end to the other. So the first part where the human waste was already turned into very rich soil, was gardened. And the anchor man, was not ashamed, instead he was proud to tell his radio listeners about how big and how healthy were his tomatoes, and other vegetables.
Seem unclean to those who are thinking of the feces and not of the whole system. There is nothing repulsive in it because the only moment you have face to face and nose-to-nose sight of your stool is the same when you remove using the water-sealed toilet system.
But instead of flashing it with your toilet bowl’s water, you simply cover it with soil. It means to say that, as God instructed, you dig a hole first, then, use the loose soil to cover the stool.
That’s that simple. Or if you have other things like sawdust or rice hull, so much the better. Sawdust and rice hulls are other organic biodegradable which can enhance the nutritious-ness of your coming organic fertilizer and soil out of the human waste.
Testimony # 2:
My mother and father attested to the experience of Nong Lolong Recamadas, a fellow teacher of my father when my father was stil teaching in Loon Institute (high school).
Sir Lolong had a small garden. There was no remarkable thing about small garden and it was not different from the rest if not because of its very BIG produce. The eggplant fruits were verrry healthy and verrrry big. The pechay leaves were verrry healthy and verrrry big. Etc., etc, etc.
His secret?
He relieved himself there and immediately buried his feces in the small holes he previously had dugged for the purpose, and immediately cover the waste with the loose soil.
Result: the vegetables had had feast on the most nutritious and fertile kind of organic fertilizers ever available to mankind!
Testimony # 3:
“Ah, local!” is the current slang expression of the kids around nowadays. Meaning: the evidence is not state-side – not high quality or high grade.
Well, we have the Baguio-Bengeut experience. We have the radio announcer’s experience. We have Nong Lolong’s experience.
And the Bible says, “An issue is settled by two or three witnesses.” We have three witnesses (testimonies) already.
But if you are still discontented and skeptical, what about state-side testimony? Well, to punish you for your lack of faith, I will leave it up to you to do the hard thing of finding it yourself in the YouTube and it is sufficient for me to tell you that I’ve seen it – I’ve heard it in www.YouTube.com about the French converting their water-based toilet into dry toilet using fine sawdust to cover their stool which they placed inside a big tin can.
It is their French version of Deuteronomy 23:12-14!
They combined some of the features of the modern water-sealed toilet, namely: the seat, and the feature of Deuteronomy 23, namely; cover it with soil or fine sawdust. There is virtually no water used or if there must be, it will only be very minimal, just to keep the stool and sawdust moist and allow decomposition.
When the tin container is full, I saw one man, went out of his house, go to the back of his toilet and opened a small door where the tin can (or was it a plastic can) was located. He removed it and carry it to his garden. A new empty clean tin/plastic can is then retrieved to replace the just removed one.
Imagine – it’s the French!
First class men. Expert in hygiene and beauty.
And they are doing it!
They are going organic.
And they are obeying God’s ordinance.
So, what are you thinking now?
Thinking still of the bad odor – the spill? No, nothing will come out like that if you plan it well.
In our own personal experience (yes, we are implementing it for around 6 months already), using much water is very bad, such as what will happen if you use arinola (the standard plastic container we used for our urine and sometimes our children’s stool). Since water is used instead of the dry sawdust, the moment you open the arinola plastic cover, there you will meet the lost of bad odor and germs!!!
So, I am telling you the wrong way of ding it. God does not want us to smell and inhale the germs or bacteria. He knows and we should now know that germs or bacteria are not good for our intestine or body, although they are useful in decomposing our human waste and other matters.
Therefore, I do not recommend the use of arinola, except for our urine.
My recommendation is either direct hole in the soil or if it is too public, then, the French way.
I am also using the French way, but in not yet perfect manner. All I do is have a kind of a pail, the empty container of calumet yeast, it is a stronger kind of plastic and it is the one I use as a bowl.
Then, I have in my side another container where I’ve placed the soil or sawdust or rice hull.
I attest there is no smell whatsoever, if you have properly covered your waste immediately after relieving yourself. Use generous or sufficient amount of sawdust or soil to cover your stool.
When it is full, carry it to another place, e.g., in a roofed place such as at the back of your house where it is allowed time to turn into compost/ rich organic fertilizer.
Of course, you must have two or more reserved empty pail.
You will learn it quickly as you do it. Just do it. Just obey God and you will quickly see the blessing of having a garden or farm with new supply of very fertile soil from human waste recycled.
NO NEED TO LEAVE HOME AND WORK ABROAD OR IN THE CITIES
This very simple and zero-expenses activity alone can make the huge difference.
Take my family as an example. Two adults, 5 kids.
For easy computation, let us just assume we produce 1 kilo of human waste every day. Take 1996 as the starting year, the year we left the city and arrived in the countryside to try to settle there.
I had my bakery but I did not know Deuteronomy 23:12-14, or let us say, I ignored it, did not give even a second to read it.
My bakery experienced difficulty after three years of operation, timing to the Asian Financial crisis of 1997.
What happened next? To cut the long story short, we finally scattered by 2004. My wife went to the place of her birth with all five kids. She tried her luck of operating the bakery there, while I stayed alone in our countryside house most of the time.
But the organic did not come my way except only after 2004. And Deuteronomy 23:12-14 came to my attention and my full appreciation only last year, 2009.
I want to cry and regret why I did not know Deuteronomy 23:12-14 in 1996. But the past is past and all I can do now is compute from time to time, as follows:
1996 – 1 kilo of human waste every day x 360 days = 360 kilos in a year – every year. Then, multiply that by 9 years, that is, from 1996 to 2004.
How many kilos of human waste we would have got?
3,240 kilos.
Or about 65 bags of organic fertilizer from human waste.
That is for lazy work – just removing bowel and recycling it.
What about the leaves, weeds, the manure and ashes you got from burning and other activities you could do in the garden or farm.
In my own experience, there is so much things you can add or do in addition to human waste recycling if you stay in your garden. Even me, who only spend a few hours in the garden, I can see the big difference if you have organic fertilizers as your aid in gardening and farming.
And I know a firm believer and promoter of Deuteronomy 23:12-14!
Surely, EVEN THE SMALLEST IDEA FROM GOD JEHOVAH IS OF GREAT VALUE. For my case, I would not have had seen my family scattered had I come to know and observe Deuteronomy 23:12-14 on time, e.g., in 1996 or even earlier.
There is no need to leave home to work abroad. Food sufficiency is within our reach at home – if we obey Deuteronomy 23:12-14.
In my heart, I want to honor our Father Jehovah for such a loving and wise idea of HUMAN WASTE RECYCLING.
Oh how I regret not knowing it early enough. We would have been spared from the pain of physical and often emotional separation.
***
Today, millions of families all around the country and around the world, have their spouses or parents working abroad or in the cities. In short, so many families are scattered, even disintegrated mainly because their home is not the place where they kind find livelihood.
Both parties, those who left home and those who are left at home, are undergoing deep sufferings.
I want to tell them that they can shorten their scattering IF THEY OBEY DEUTERONOMY 23:12-14.
YeHoWaH, (or as others pronounced it as Yahweh or Jehovah), our God and Creator is a very loving Father to us who listens to Him.
There is no need to suffer. It is not His pleasure nor His primary will to see His children suffer. He wants us to prosper or have sufficient supply of our needs, without scattering, without leaving our loved ones, without exposing our lives to danger in alien countries where we are treated as commodities and dispensable, or as slaves.
Let’s recover our heritage. Our divine heritage as creation and children of God who created the universe.
Stop thinking that the Old Testament or the New Testament are exclusive for the Jews. They are the Father’s Word for anyone. True, it was given to the Jews for them to exemplify – to demonstrate its benefits to us, but they refused and joined us in the life of disobedience, instead of setting us positive example of blessings that come from obedience.
It’s another disappointing thing; the Israelites or the Jews failing in their mission to pioneer in the practice of God’s excellent way of life that brings prosperity, happiness and freedom.
And so we have no example available except them in Baguio-Benguet, the radio announcer, the school teacher, the French and count me soon!
Good luck and God bless you.
I pray you will realize soon how great is God’s love for you, which are expressed in so many ways, one of them is Deuteronomy 23:12-14!
There are still many brilliant ideas buried in the Old Testament that when the dust of doubts is taken off, we will see it shine brighter, yes, we will find out that they are far much wiser than the wisest ideas of the wisest men in the world! We will discuss each of them, God willing to give us time and space for that in the future.
Truly, indeed, the wisdom of the wisest of men is in reality foolishness! And God’s tiniest idea is far wiser than man’s greatest idea. Yes, who can challenge the idea of Deuteronomy 23:12-14?
Come forward, and present your superior supporting fruits, if any.
Is Soil Toileting really a wonderful idea?
Is this soil toileting really a nice idea? Or is it rather an awkward thing to do especially if you imagine yourself relieving in the open – and with the open eyes of the beholders!? How can God advocate indecent practice when in other occasions He told us to cover ourselves and make sure our nakedness is not seen by others?
Well, God did not mean indecency when He commanded us to relieve ourselves in the soil or garden or farm. And He did not mean we should relieve ourselves in the public eye. No, the actual wording of His HUMAN WASTE RECYCLING Ordinance is this:
Deu 23:13 [niv]As part of your equipment have something to dig with, and when you relieve yourself, dig a hole and cover up your excrement.
[kjv]And thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon; and it shall be, when thou wilt ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee:
If we literally interpret the ordinance, it says that we dig a hole at the very time we remove our bowel. So, we can imagine ourselves running into the garden or farm, with a dull bolo in our hand as a digging tool, hurriedly dig a hole a few inches deep, and lo! just in time!
Well, that is not how dull we should treat our God to be. And also, that is not how dull we should treat ourselves to be. To the contrary, our Father give the ordinance with the realization that we are already brighter than the too literal, thus, too naïve an interpretation which I have just mentioned.
As a matter of example, I have my own little and a bit wiser way of applying the Father’s command. Our house is elevated and in the side of my computer room is an area that is slope until a few feet it reaches a small plain where there is an accumulation of rich soil. This plain area is filled with bananas, papayas and other plants. And it is this area which I find appropriate to dig many holes in advance – read: in advance – I do not literally implement the ordinance by digging a hole only at the time of relieving myself. That is too literal and too naïve. In fact, if you insist to be literal, then, you must strictly obey the strict order of the command, namely: relive yourself first and then dig a hole!
That’s how funny and foolish is a literal interpretation without wisdom!
And many people unfortunately fall into this kind of category which is both demeaning and insulting to the intelligence of both God and ourselves!
So too is foolish the scenario of finding yourselves relieving in the eyes of people! God leaves a few details in His laws and ordinances for us to think over and reach a wise manner of implementation. He also wants us to think, not to subterfuge or evade His law but rather to perfectly, brilliantly, and lovingly implement His commandments.
I find happiness and thrill in being CREATIVE in implementing the laws of our loving and wise Father.
So, during our discussion, after a short laugh of the risk of being seen by people, my wife mentioned the wise idea of making a portable toilet which you can easily transfer as soon as the hole is filled.
Wise idea!
Also, the idea of transferring often from place to place seems to be given. Why? Why not stay instead in one place? The reason why we should move from place to place as soon as possible, is TO SPREAD EVENLY THE NUTRIENTS COMING FROM OUR HUMAN EXCREMENTS.
That’s common sense. Wisdom.
So, if we stay too long in one hole, which must be big and deep, it follows out the only one part of the garden or farm is over-nutritioned while the other parts are famished of nutrients.
So, the wiser idea is to just dig which has the following specifications:
a hole small enough to make you transfer to another place for the purpose of wide and fast and even distribution of badly-needed-by-the-soil refill nutrients from our human excrements;
but big enough to see to it that when the hole has been filled, the nutrients there will be enough for the need of the soil and the plants or trees which you will be planting in the filled up soil area;
and about the decency aspect, well, you can design a makeshift toilet, made of four-sided walls, which is portable, transferable, so, it must be easy to pull out, but must first be able to get installed strong enough that it cannot be easily uprooted or can not easily collapse, and then, it must be also as light as much as possible so we can easily carry it to the next venue.
So, with that said, I think that, with a little help of our thinking, which is God’s gift, we can spare God from being accused of giving us an ordinance that is naïve, i.e., a statute that will expose our nakedness to the public.
Our suggestion above is, nevertheless, not practical for the city dwellers. Of course, I mean it for places like mine: rural areas. You can’t do that in the city: dig holes in the streets or park!??
I will have a word for city dwellers, but not until I can address another last concern for the rural toileters: safety. The portable toilet for rural use must be safe, that is, if someone relieve herself at night, she will not be afraid in the dark.
Solution: The mobile portable soil toilet, and I discover this is the best name I can give to the thing so far, Mobile Portable Soil Toilet (MPST), and if I can find the right material and can make the perfect design, I will invent this one! But for those of you who are more inventive and have access to the right materials. I urge you to invent your own Mobile Portable Soil Toilet (MPST – this MPST seems to be more appropriate for daytime. Most children or women will get afraid getting out of the house at night and relieve themselves in the MPST installed a few meters from the house in the open, usually without fence. It will be alright when there is a fence around the house and the MPST is enclosed by the fence too like the house.
So, comes another version of MPST: an indoor MPST. Call that Indoor Organic Toilet (IOT).
This is actually what I was in mind for city dwellers, because it is most appropriate for the city but I realize this is also appropriate for the rural folks for night use, when they are afraid to go out in the dark to use their outdoor MPST.
This IOT for both rural night use and for city day-round use, is simply a big tin or plastic can where you remove your bowel and afterward you cover it dry with sawdust or anything like dust or it can be dry loose soil. After relieving yourself, all you have to do is simply pour some of the sawdust or fine soil into the tin or plastic pail and that’s it!
When it gets filled, you simply will have to remove it, take it to the garden to be allowed to turn into organic fertilizer or soil, while you place a new empty one in your toilet.
You are no longer to invent this system. The French are already doing this. They have a sort of chair or bowl under which is placed the portable tin or plastic can. Beside them is another container for the sawdust.
That’s all.
With this, I hope these ideas will have helped you effectively implement God’s HUMAN WASTE RECYCLING ORDINANCE IN DEUTERONOMY 23:12-14.
And I hope you have come to appreciate how Deuteronomy 23:12-14 implements God’s main law in Genesis 1:28: You shall replenish the Earth.
In these law and ordinance, I have found God’s love and wisdom. And I do praise Him deeply and joyfully in my heart, wherever I go because of this.
I hope you will come to experience the joy of seeing how wise and how loving is
YeHoWaH, our Loving and Wise Eternal Father.
YeHoWaH, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, was and is always a God of freedom. In the Old Testament, He demonstrated His freedom-loving and freedom-giving quality by liberating the Israelites from the 430-year bondage of Egypt.
One type of freedom is the freedom from occupation, colonization or oppression by a foreign people. In the years 1677 B.C. to 1462 B.C. Egypt was the oppressor to Israel; from A.D. 1521 to A.D. 1898, Spain was the enslaver of the Philippines.
Through Moses, YeHoWaH plucked out Israel from slavery in Egypt. Through the Americans and Filipino revolutionaries, God physically removed the Spaniards from the Philippines.
But the slavery to sins such as those injected to the slaves by the enslavers did not go away with their human agents. The sins remained, even though the sin-teachers had already gone away.
Bonifacio and other Filipino revolutionaries thought that by driving the Spaniards away, the Filipinos would finally be free. Yes and No. Yes, physically and politically, we were set free; there were no more Spaniards who ruled over us. But No too because even if the Spaniards were gone, we were still slaves to sins and vices perpetrated by those evil occupiers for our weakening and continuous downfall. True, indeed, a little more than a century after the exit of the Spaniards, the vices of gambling especially cards and cockfighting, smoking, drunkenness and others have transmuted from being seeds into huge trees now, overshadowing the whole nation – read: almost every Filipino is either a practitioner or a supporter of such vices.
So the sins-vices-teachers are gone – the Spaniards. But sins-vices remained, even worsened!
No Moses or Rizal or Bonifacio can set us free from sins and vices. In the Old Testament, Moses was called to help deliver political and economic freedom to the Israelites, but not freedom from sin and death.
Jesus was to be needed 1,500 years later to become our deliverer from sins and vices. So, we have the whole New Testament teachings focused on spiritual freedom – freedom from sins-vices only possible with the Lord Jesus’ selfless sacrifice and teachings.
Much of this spiritual freedom has been discussed by our pastors, priests and ministers. What I am interested in this article to cite is this: THE OLD TESTAMENT IS REPLETE OF IDEAS HOW TO BE ECONOMICALLY FREE, e.g., free from poverty.
POVERTY ALLEVIATION IDEA NO. 1: BURY YOUR HUMAN WASTE IN THE SOIL ESPECIALLY IN YOUR FARM AND GARDEN, NOT INSIDE IN A SEPTIC TANK.
The Old Testament is replete with ideas that can make us prosperous. Among these ideas, I would now choose one to discuss.
It is about: HUMAN WASTE AS A KEY TO SUSTAINABLE AND PRODUCTIVE AGRICULTURE.
Let us quote Deuteronomy 23:
Deu 23:12 [niv]Designate a place outside the camp where you can go to relieve yourself.
[kjv]Thou shalt have a place also without the camp, whither thou shalt go forth abroad:
Deu 23:13 [niv]As part of your equipment have something to dig with, and when you relieve yourself, dig a hole and cover up your excrement.
[kjv]And thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon; and it shall be, when thou wilt ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee:
Deu 23:14 [niv]For the LORD your God moves about in your camp to protect you and to deliver your enemies to you. Your camp must be holy, so that he will not see among you anything indecent and turn away from you.
[kjv]For the LORD thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp, to deliver thee, and to give up thine enemies before thee; therefore shall thy camp be holy: that he see no unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee.
The obvious reason why YeHoWaH commanded the Israelites to cover their excrement with earth or soil is HYGIENCE. This ordinance on waste disposal is “to protect you” e.g., from diseases and to keep their camp holy (clean).
But there is more to it than meets the eye.
In my years of study of God’s Word, Ways, Will and in my knowing of His Heart and Mind (which thing you can do if you are familiar with His Word and with His actual dealing with you in real experience of sincere obedience), many of His commands or ideas has more than one purpose.
So it is with the case of Deuteronomy 23:12-14. It is more than to merely keep us holy (clean). Holiness or hygiene is just one of the purposes. One other remarkable purpose of Deuteronomy 23:12-14 YeHoWaH mentioned in separate place – in Genesis 1:26:
Gen 1:28 [niv]God blessed them and said to them, "Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground."
[kjv]And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.
Take note of the NIV phrase “fill the earth” which is less expressive of what it should mean. KJV is more accurate: “replenish the earth.” It simply means that (1) what we have used up or consumed, we must replenish or return through known ways. For example, what is the known way of returning the trees that we cut? By replanting of course! But the selfish man, be he the poor firewood cutter or the multi-millionaire logging concessionaire, is content to have meet his personal need, which soon is become clear to be selfish because he leaves the place bald and exposed to erosion. Irresponsible! Selfish! He is not thinking about the future of his descendants when they will inherit the land without trees and in effect without soil! And that is because of his own pre-occupation with the self and his lack of concern and foresight for the good of his descendants.
Why did YeHoWaH, our wise and loving eternal heavenly Father, command us Deuteronomy 23:12-14, that is, TO BURY OUR EXCREMENT IN THE SOIL?
If you have been exposed in agriculture long enough, then you can discover clearly the wisdom of YeHoWaH why He commanded the Israelites (as our demonstrators) and us (supposed to learn from their example) to bury our stools in the soil, instead of keeping them packed inside a septic tank. The other very useful purpose of Deuteronomy 23:12-14 is Genesis 1:28: TO HELP REPLENISH THE EARTH. In other words, to re-fertilize the land, to return the lost nutrients to the soil. Nutrients are “lost” if the soil is eroded or washed out to the lower valleys or into the seas and/or if the nutrients have been taken in by plants in making food (fruits and seeds).
So, there is a need to replenish the earth. And so, YeHoWaH our eternal Father, our
Gen 1:28 [niv]God blessed them and said to them, "Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground."
[kjv]And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.
Again, why did Father YeHoWaH command us to observe the seemingly unhygienic practice of toileting in the soil – in the garden – in the open? The answer is Genesis 1:28 – to help restore the fertility of the soil.
Such a wonderful idea
Your eyes will be opened to the brilliantly beautiful idea when you engage in organic farming or have exposure to different methods of farming.
One method used now in the Philippines, particularly by the vegetable farmers of Baguio City and Benguet province, is said to be the use of human excrement removed from full septic tank.
The discovery might be accidental. One problem in big metropolitan like Metro Manila is how or where to dispose their voluminous human waste every time the septic tanks of family and commercial comfort rooms or toilets got full.
So, there was some minds looking for solutions and were guided to think of suctioning the still liquid or shoveling the already solid ones and throw them elsewhere. And there was someone who said, “Let them be used to fertilize the gardens in Baguio and Benguet.”
The rest is history. What we have now is a very productive vegetable industry in these places. Baguio and Benguet or Mountain Province is the area which grow the vegetables which feed the millions of people in the huge metropolitan cities of Metro Manila.
I doubt if they had read the Ordinance of Human Waste Recycling in Deuteronomy 23:12-14. I believe they have not. They only discovered the method by chance or out of necessity, e.g., there was a need to throw Metro Manila’s excrements or re-use it.
But aware of the Deuteronomy 23 ordinance or not, the observance of this Old Testament ordinance nevertheless works wonderfully for the farmers of Baguio/Benguet/ Mountain Province.
They are a living proof that YeHoWaH’s way is the true way towards emancipation from poverty.
***
EVERY FAMILY MUST BE SELF-SUFFICIENT IN FOOD
There is an urgent need now for each family TO BECOME SELF-SUFFICIENT IN FOOD, at least in vegetable and spices first, if not in corn or rice.
The man of the average family is earning P150.00 to P200.00 a day through labor, e.g., working for another, sewing, baking, carpentry, etc.
About half of it is consumed for fish, vegetable and spices – in short, viand. Therefore, if we can find a way to save it, then, such amount (P75 to P100 a day or P2,215.00 to P3,000.00 a month) can be used for other needs of the family, particularly in educating the children.
One way to do this is: GARDENING/FARMING.
But there have been many of us who have been discouraged from doing backyard gardening due to the cost of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and the diminishing return associated with it. The longer you engage in inorganic farming or gardening, the higher will your expenses become, but the harvest will continue to diminish in the long run.
So, people don’t see farming or gardening to be that attractive.
What we did not realize was there has been an organic way to do our gardening and farming which guarantees continuous increase of yield over the years, even without increasing the size or area of your garden and farm.
That system is articulated as the ORDINANCE OF HUMAN WASTE RECYCLING IN DEUTERONOMY 23.
Let me quote again:
Deu 23:12 [niv]Designate a place outside the camp where you can go to relieve yourself.
[kjv]Thou shalt have a place also without the camp, whither thou shalt go forth abroad:
Deu 23:13 [niv]As part of your equipment have something to dig with, and when you relieve yourself, dig a hole and cover up your excrement.
[kjv]And thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon; and it shall be, when thou wilt ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee:
Deu 23:14 [niv]For the LORD your God moves about in your camp to protect you and to deliver your enemies to you. Your camp must be holy, so that he will not see among you anything indecent and turn away from you.
[kjv]For the LORD thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp, to deliver thee, and to give up thine enemies before thee; therefore shall thy camp be holy: that he see no unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee.
The Ordinance says: Do not keep your human feces inside septic tank where they will not be useful or re-useful/ reusable. Hygienic, yes. There is no doubt we all agree that our water-sealed toilet system where our excrements are kept inside septic tank, is hygienic.
But that is only serving one purpose – the purpose of having hygiene or being clean and free from sickness.
There is another very important purpose not served by this septic tank system. And this purpose is having a sustainable agriculture through the recycling of our human waste – our excrements – our stools.
How? In a very simple way – as simple and as affordable and doable as burying your excrement in the soil!
That’s all!
There is no need for expensive machinery to do that. There is no need to buy anything to do that. The poorest of the poor can do that. There is no need to get capital or get a loan or get indebted to someone else before you can implement that. Even little children can do that. It is so simple. Just “dig a hole and cover up your excrement” is the simplest of all simple instructions.
Just do it and you will see the blessings of a productive cost-less garden and farm! Since your stool or excrement or feces is free, there is no additional expenses incurred in your gardening/ farming – no fertilizer to buy.
And above all, since our feces are far more nutritious than the manure of the animals, it follows out that our garden will yield more, yeah, much more if we continue also to use animal manure, as our tradition has been.
What we missed is Deuteronomy 23:12-14!
SOME OTHER TESTIMONIES IN FAVOR OF DEUTERONOMY 23:12-14
Testimony # 1:
A radio anchor man and also an advocate of natural farming, did not install a toilet in his house. He just enclosed his house with a high fence and left a small land area adjacent to this kitchen where members of the family remove and bury their excrement.
But it was done systematically, from one end to the other. So the first part where the human waste was already turned into very rich soil, was gardened. And the anchor man, was not ashamed, instead he was proud to tell his radio listeners about how big and how healthy were his tomatoes, and other vegetables.
Seem unclean to those who are thinking of the feces and not of the whole system. There is nothing repulsive in it because the only moment you have face to face and nose-to-nose sight of your stool is the same when you remove using the water-sealed toilet system.
But instead of flashing it with your toilet bowl’s water, you simply cover it with soil. It means to say that, as God instructed, you dig a hole first, then, use the loose soil to cover the stool.
That’s that simple. Or if you have other things like sawdust or rice hull, so much the better. Sawdust and rice hulls are other organic biodegradable which can enhance the nutritious-ness of your coming organic fertilizer and soil out of the human waste.
Testimony # 2:
My mother and father attested to the experience of Nong Lolong Recamadas, a fellow teacher of my father when my father was stil teaching in Loon Institute (high school).
Sir Lolong had a small garden. There was no remarkable thing about small garden and it was not different from the rest if not because of its very BIG produce. The eggplant fruits were verrry healthy and verrrry big. The pechay leaves were verrry healthy and verrrry big. Etc., etc, etc.
His secret?
He relieved himself there and immediately buried his feces in the small holes he previously had dugged for the purpose, and immediately cover the waste with the loose soil.
Result: the vegetables had had feast on the most nutritious and fertile kind of organic fertilizers ever available to mankind!
Testimony # 3:
“Ah, local!” is the current slang expression of the kids around nowadays. Meaning: the evidence is not state-side – not high quality or high grade.
Well, we have the Baguio-Bengeut experience. We have the radio announcer’s experience. We have Nong Lolong’s experience.
And the Bible says, “An issue is settled by two or three witnesses.” We have three witnesses (testimonies) already.
But if you are still discontented and skeptical, what about state-side testimony? Well, to punish you for your lack of faith, I will leave it up to you to do the hard thing of finding it yourself in the YouTube and it is sufficient for me to tell you that I’ve seen it – I’ve heard it in www.YouTube.com about the French converting their water-based toilet into dry toilet using fine sawdust to cover their stool which they placed inside a big tin can.
It is their French version of Deuteronomy 23:12-14!
They combined some of the features of the modern water-sealed toilet, namely: the seat, and the feature of Deuteronomy 23, namely; cover it with soil or fine sawdust. There is virtually no water used or if there must be, it will only be very minimal, just to keep the stool and sawdust moist and allow decomposition.
When the tin container is full, I saw one man, went out of his house, go to the back of his toilet and opened a small door where the tin can (or was it a plastic can) was located. He removed it and carry it to his garden. A new empty clean tin/plastic can is then retrieved to replace the just removed one.
Imagine – it’s the French!
First class men. Expert in hygiene and beauty.
And they are doing it!
They are going organic.
And they are obeying God’s ordinance.
So, what are you thinking now?
Thinking still of the bad odor – the spill? No, nothing will come out like that if you plan it well.
In our own personal experience (yes, we are implementing it for around 6 months already), using much water is very bad, such as what will happen if you use arinola (the standard plastic container we used for our urine and sometimes our children’s stool). Since water is used instead of the dry sawdust, the moment you open the arinola plastic cover, there you will meet the lost of bad odor and germs!!!
So, I am telling you the wrong way of ding it. God does not want us to smell and inhale the germs or bacteria. He knows and we should now know that germs or bacteria are not good for our intestine or body, although they are useful in decomposing our human waste and other matters.
Therefore, I do not recommend the use of arinola, except for our urine.
My recommendation is either direct hole in the soil or if it is too public, then, the French way.
I am also using the French way, but in not yet perfect manner. All I do is have a kind of a pail, the empty container of calumet yeast, it is a stronger kind of plastic and it is the one I use as a bowl.
Then, I have in my side another container where I’ve placed the soil or sawdust or rice hull.
I attest there is no smell whatsoever, if you have properly covered your waste immediately after relieving yourself. Use generous or sufficient amount of sawdust or soil to cover your stool.
When it is full, carry it to another place, e.g., in a roofed place such as at the back of your house where it is allowed time to turn into compost/ rich organic fertilizer.
Of course, you must have two or more reserved empty pail.
You will learn it quickly as you do it. Just do it. Just obey God and you will quickly see the blessing of having a garden or farm with new supply of very fertile soil from human waste recycled.
NO NEED TO LEAVE HOME AND WORK ABROAD OR IN THE CITIES
This very simple and zero-expenses activity alone can make the huge difference.
Take my family as an example. Two adults, 5 kids.
For easy computation, let us just assume we produce 1 kilo of human waste every day. Take 1996 as the starting year, the year we left the city and arrived in the countryside to try to settle there.
I had my bakery but I did not know Deuteronomy 23:12-14, or let us say, I ignored it, did not give even a second to read it.
My bakery experienced difficulty after three years of operation, timing to the Asian Financial crisis of 1997.
What happened next? To cut the long story short, we finally scattered by 2004. My wife went to the place of her birth with all five kids. She tried her luck of operating the bakery there, while I stayed alone in our countryside house most of the time.
But the organic did not come my way except only after 2004. And Deuteronomy 23:12-14 came to my attention and my full appreciation only last year, 2009.
I want to cry and regret why I did not know Deuteronomy 23:12-14 in 1996. But the past is past and all I can do now is compute from time to time, as follows:
1996 – 1 kilo of human waste every day x 360 days = 360 kilos in a year – every year. Then, multiply that by 9 years, that is, from 1996 to 2004.
How many kilos of human waste we would have got?
3,240 kilos.
Or about 65 bags of organic fertilizer from human waste.
That is for lazy work – just removing bowel and recycling it.
What about the leaves, weeds, the manure and ashes you got from burning and other activities you could do in the garden or farm.
In my own experience, there is so much things you can add or do in addition to human waste recycling if you stay in your garden. Even me, who only spend a few hours in the garden, I can see the big difference if you have organic fertilizers as your aid in gardening and farming.
And I know a firm believer and promoter of Deuteronomy 23:12-14!
Surely, EVEN THE SMALLEST IDEA FROM GOD JEHOVAH IS OF GREAT VALUE. For my case, I would not have had seen my family scattered had I come to know and observe Deuteronomy 23:12-14 on time, e.g., in 1996 or even earlier.
There is no need to leave home to work abroad. Food sufficiency is within our reach at home – if we obey Deuteronomy 23:12-14.
In my heart, I want to honor our Father Jehovah for such a loving and wise idea of HUMAN WASTE RECYCLING.
Oh how I regret not knowing it early enough. We would have been spared from the pain of physical and often emotional separation.
***
Today, millions of families all around the country and around the world, have their spouses or parents working abroad or in the cities. In short, so many families are scattered, even disintegrated mainly because their home is not the place where they kind find livelihood.
Both parties, those who left home and those who are left at home, are undergoing deep sufferings.
I want to tell them that they can shorten their scattering IF THEY OBEY DEUTERONOMY 23:12-14.
YeHoWaH, (or as others pronounced it as Yahweh or Jehovah), our God and Creator is a very loving Father to us who listens to Him.
There is no need to suffer. It is not His pleasure nor His primary will to see His children suffer. He wants us to prosper or have sufficient supply of our needs, without scattering, without leaving our loved ones, without exposing our lives to danger in alien countries where we are treated as commodities and dispensable, or as slaves.
Let’s recover our heritage. Our divine heritage as creation and children of God who created the universe.
Stop thinking that the Old Testament or the New Testament are exclusive for the Jews. They are the Father’s Word for anyone. True, it was given to the Jews for them to exemplify – to demonstrate its benefits to us, but they refused and joined us in the life of disobedience, instead of setting us positive example of blessings that come from obedience.
It’s another disappointing thing; the Israelites or the Jews failing in their mission to pioneer in the practice of God’s excellent way of life that brings prosperity, happiness and freedom.
And so we have no example available except them in Baguio-Benguet, the radio announcer, the school teacher, the French and count me soon!
Good luck and God bless you.
I pray you will realize soon how great is God’s love for you, which are expressed in so many ways, one of them is Deuteronomy 23:12-14!
There are still many brilliant ideas buried in the Old Testament that when the dust of doubts is taken off, we will see it shine brighter, yes, we will find out that they are far much wiser than the wisest ideas of the wisest men in the world! We will discuss each of them, God willing to give us time and space for that in the future.
Truly, indeed, the wisdom of the wisest of men is in reality foolishness! And God’s tiniest idea is far wiser than man’s greatest idea. Yes, who can challenge the idea of Deuteronomy 23:12-14?
Come forward, and present your superior supporting fruits, if any.
Is Soil Toileting really a wonderful idea?
Is this soil toileting really a nice idea? Or is it rather an awkward thing to do especially if you imagine yourself relieving in the open – and with the open eyes of the beholders!? How can God advocate indecent practice when in other occasions He told us to cover ourselves and make sure our nakedness is not seen by others?
Well, God did not mean indecency when He commanded us to relieve ourselves in the soil or garden or farm. And He did not mean we should relieve ourselves in the public eye. No, the actual wording of His HUMAN WASTE RECYCLING Ordinance is this:
Deu 23:13 [niv]As part of your equipment have something to dig with, and when you relieve yourself, dig a hole and cover up your excrement.
[kjv]And thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon; and it shall be, when thou wilt ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee:
If we literally interpret the ordinance, it says that we dig a hole at the very time we remove our bowel. So, we can imagine ourselves running into the garden or farm, with a dull bolo in our hand as a digging tool, hurriedly dig a hole a few inches deep, and lo! just in time!
Well, that is not how dull we should treat our God to be. And also, that is not how dull we should treat ourselves to be. To the contrary, our Father give the ordinance with the realization that we are already brighter than the too literal, thus, too naïve an interpretation which I have just mentioned.
As a matter of example, I have my own little and a bit wiser way of applying the Father’s command. Our house is elevated and in the side of my computer room is an area that is slope until a few feet it reaches a small plain where there is an accumulation of rich soil. This plain area is filled with bananas, papayas and other plants. And it is this area which I find appropriate to dig many holes in advance – read: in advance – I do not literally implement the ordinance by digging a hole only at the time of relieving myself. That is too literal and too naïve. In fact, if you insist to be literal, then, you must strictly obey the strict order of the command, namely: relive yourself first and then dig a hole!
That’s how funny and foolish is a literal interpretation without wisdom!
And many people unfortunately fall into this kind of category which is both demeaning and insulting to the intelligence of both God and ourselves!
So too is foolish the scenario of finding yourselves relieving in the eyes of people! God leaves a few details in His laws and ordinances for us to think over and reach a wise manner of implementation. He also wants us to think, not to subterfuge or evade His law but rather to perfectly, brilliantly, and lovingly implement His commandments.
I find happiness and thrill in being CREATIVE in implementing the laws of our loving and wise Father.
So, during our discussion, after a short laugh of the risk of being seen by people, my wife mentioned the wise idea of making a portable toilet which you can easily transfer as soon as the hole is filled.
Wise idea!
Also, the idea of transferring often from place to place seems to be given. Why? Why not stay instead in one place? The reason why we should move from place to place as soon as possible, is TO SPREAD EVENLY THE NUTRIENTS COMING FROM OUR HUMAN EXCREMENTS.
That’s common sense. Wisdom.
So, if we stay too long in one hole, which must be big and deep, it follows out the only one part of the garden or farm is over-nutritioned while the other parts are famished of nutrients.
So, the wiser idea is to just dig which has the following specifications:
a hole small enough to make you transfer to another place for the purpose of wide and fast and even distribution of badly-needed-by-the-soil refill nutrients from our human excrements;
but big enough to see to it that when the hole has been filled, the nutrients there will be enough for the need of the soil and the plants or trees which you will be planting in the filled up soil area;
and about the decency aspect, well, you can design a makeshift toilet, made of four-sided walls, which is portable, transferable, so, it must be easy to pull out, but must first be able to get installed strong enough that it cannot be easily uprooted or can not easily collapse, and then, it must be also as light as much as possible so we can easily carry it to the next venue.
So, with that said, I think that, with a little help of our thinking, which is God’s gift, we can spare God from being accused of giving us an ordinance that is naïve, i.e., a statute that will expose our nakedness to the public.
Our suggestion above is, nevertheless, not practical for the city dwellers. Of course, I mean it for places like mine: rural areas. You can’t do that in the city: dig holes in the streets or park!??
I will have a word for city dwellers, but not until I can address another last concern for the rural toileters: safety. The portable toilet for rural use must be safe, that is, if someone relieve herself at night, she will not be afraid in the dark.
Solution: The mobile portable soil toilet, and I discover this is the best name I can give to the thing so far, Mobile Portable Soil Toilet (MPST), and if I can find the right material and can make the perfect design, I will invent this one! But for those of you who are more inventive and have access to the right materials. I urge you to invent your own Mobile Portable Soil Toilet (MPST – this MPST seems to be more appropriate for daytime. Most children or women will get afraid getting out of the house at night and relieve themselves in the MPST installed a few meters from the house in the open, usually without fence. It will be alright when there is a fence around the house and the MPST is enclosed by the fence too like the house.
So, comes another version of MPST: an indoor MPST. Call that Indoor Organic Toilet (IOT).
This is actually what I was in mind for city dwellers, because it is most appropriate for the city but I realize this is also appropriate for the rural folks for night use, when they are afraid to go out in the dark to use their outdoor MPST.
This IOT for both rural night use and for city day-round use, is simply a big tin or plastic can where you remove your bowel and afterward you cover it dry with sawdust or anything like dust or it can be dry loose soil. After relieving yourself, all you have to do is simply pour some of the sawdust or fine soil into the tin or plastic pail and that’s it!
When it gets filled, you simply will have to remove it, take it to the garden to be allowed to turn into organic fertilizer or soil, while you place a new empty one in your toilet.
You are no longer to invent this system. The French are already doing this. They have a sort of chair or bowl under which is placed the portable tin or plastic can. Beside them is another container for the sawdust.
That’s all.
With this, I hope these ideas will have helped you effectively implement God’s HUMAN WASTE RECYCLING ORDINANCE IN DEUTERONOMY 23:12-14.
And I hope you have come to appreciate how Deuteronomy 23:12-14 implements God’s main law in Genesis 1:28: You shall replenish the Earth.
In these law and ordinance, I have found God’s love and wisdom. And I do praise Him deeply and joyfully in my heart, wherever I go because of this.
I hope you will come to experience the joy of seeing how wise and how loving is
YeHoWaH, our Loving and Wise Eternal Father.
Saturday, April 3, 2010
Europeans More Resistant to Genetically Modified Foods
Europeans More Resistant to Genetically Modified Foods
Posted by Dr. Mercola | May 17 2003 | 2,256 views
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While many in America believe that genetically modified (GM) foods will reduce the need for pesticides and chemical fertilizers, helps solve the world hunger problems and help with medical issues, Europeans are much more resistant such biotechnology.
In fact, in 1998 in response to consumer demands the European Union (EU) restricted new GM products and required that all foods containing more than one percent of GM ingredients be labeled.
However, worldwide, land devoted to GM crops has increased 30-fold from 1996 to 2001, and in the United States GM crops have spread and contaminated traditional crops so severely that the U.S. seed industry can’t guarantee that soybean, corn or canola seeds are GM-free.
While the U.S. government maintains that genetic engineering is safe, the EU has been somewhat more resistant and 70 percent of European consumers say they don't want to eat any GMO at all.
Controversy is brewing over whether Europeans are being overly cautious or prudent. According to some experts, it is too soon to know for sure how GM products will affect humans.
Alternet April 29, 2003
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
Consuming genetically modified foods is like participating in a giant experiment. There is no telling what the consequences of using these genetically modified foods will be because these products have never existed before now.
It seems clear that these altered foods are capable of producing chages in humans. Already, investigators have found that rats fed genetically modified potatoes had an increased thickening in the lining of their stomach and intestine and a weakening of their immune system.
Further, some scientists want to put vaccines into plants without any real knowledge of what effects this unnatural addition will have on human health, or the health of our planet.
This is SHEER LUNACY.
What these scientists have failed to fully appreciate is that once these genetically modified plants are growing it is physically impossible to prevent them from pollinating other plants, thereby contaminating them with these new proteins, of which we do not know the long-term consequences.
The absurdity of the entire process is mind-boggling. These scientists are willing to sacrifice the country’s food supply by adding vaccines, which do not even work in the first place, to plants.
If this continues, our grandchildren may not have access to any non-genetically modified food, and the health of our society may continue to rapidly decline.
One of the keys to health is good food. Although most of us don't choose to do so, we can still purchase real, unaltered food in this country. Sadly, the future does not appear to provide this option.
Genetically modified foods did not exist prior to 1995. Ninety percent of the money Americans spend on food is spent on processed foods, and seventy percent of processed foods have genetically modified foods in them.
There have been NO STUDIES done with humans to show what happens when genetically modified foods are consumed. The FDA has ASSUMED that these modified foods are equivalent to the original foods and does not require any studies to have them approved, despite the fact that this technology has never before existed in the history of the world.
This is especially troubling in light of the United State’s federal track record on genetically engineered safety, which is terrible.
For example, last year genetically modified Starlink corn was approved for animal consumption, but NOT human consumption because of a concern that it could cause allergies in humans. However, Starlink corn would up directly in the human food supply, despite FDA precautions.
There are EIGHT different agencies in the United States regulating biotechnology under 12 different sets of laws. NONE of the laws had biotechnology in mind when they were passed, as they are 40 to 50 years old.
This lack of regulation and total irresponsibility in using genetically modified foods is a disaster waiting to happen.
Related Articles:
GMO Crops Are an Accident Waiting to Happen
Drug Company Owns Monsanto and Their Weed Killer Is What Funds GMO Crops
GMO Crops Are An Accident Waiting to Happen
Genetically Modified Foods, Inc.
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2003/05/17/gm-foods-part-six.aspx
Posted by Dr. Mercola | May 17 2003 | 2,256 views
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While many in America believe that genetically modified (GM) foods will reduce the need for pesticides and chemical fertilizers, helps solve the world hunger problems and help with medical issues, Europeans are much more resistant such biotechnology.
In fact, in 1998 in response to consumer demands the European Union (EU) restricted new GM products and required that all foods containing more than one percent of GM ingredients be labeled.
However, worldwide, land devoted to GM crops has increased 30-fold from 1996 to 2001, and in the United States GM crops have spread and contaminated traditional crops so severely that the U.S. seed industry can’t guarantee that soybean, corn or canola seeds are GM-free.
While the U.S. government maintains that genetic engineering is safe, the EU has been somewhat more resistant and 70 percent of European consumers say they don't want to eat any GMO at all.
Controversy is brewing over whether Europeans are being overly cautious or prudent. According to some experts, it is too soon to know for sure how GM products will affect humans.
Alternet April 29, 2003
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
Consuming genetically modified foods is like participating in a giant experiment. There is no telling what the consequences of using these genetically modified foods will be because these products have never existed before now.
It seems clear that these altered foods are capable of producing chages in humans. Already, investigators have found that rats fed genetically modified potatoes had an increased thickening in the lining of their stomach and intestine and a weakening of their immune system.
Further, some scientists want to put vaccines into plants without any real knowledge of what effects this unnatural addition will have on human health, or the health of our planet.
This is SHEER LUNACY.
What these scientists have failed to fully appreciate is that once these genetically modified plants are growing it is physically impossible to prevent them from pollinating other plants, thereby contaminating them with these new proteins, of which we do not know the long-term consequences.
The absurdity of the entire process is mind-boggling. These scientists are willing to sacrifice the country’s food supply by adding vaccines, which do not even work in the first place, to plants.
If this continues, our grandchildren may not have access to any non-genetically modified food, and the health of our society may continue to rapidly decline.
One of the keys to health is good food. Although most of us don't choose to do so, we can still purchase real, unaltered food in this country. Sadly, the future does not appear to provide this option.
Genetically modified foods did not exist prior to 1995. Ninety percent of the money Americans spend on food is spent on processed foods, and seventy percent of processed foods have genetically modified foods in them.
There have been NO STUDIES done with humans to show what happens when genetically modified foods are consumed. The FDA has ASSUMED that these modified foods are equivalent to the original foods and does not require any studies to have them approved, despite the fact that this technology has never before existed in the history of the world.
This is especially troubling in light of the United State’s federal track record on genetically engineered safety, which is terrible.
For example, last year genetically modified Starlink corn was approved for animal consumption, but NOT human consumption because of a concern that it could cause allergies in humans. However, Starlink corn would up directly in the human food supply, despite FDA precautions.
There are EIGHT different agencies in the United States regulating biotechnology under 12 different sets of laws. NONE of the laws had biotechnology in mind when they were passed, as they are 40 to 50 years old.
This lack of regulation and total irresponsibility in using genetically modified foods is a disaster waiting to happen.
Related Articles:
GMO Crops Are an Accident Waiting to Happen
Drug Company Owns Monsanto and Their Weed Killer Is What Funds GMO Crops
GMO Crops Are An Accident Waiting to Happen
Genetically Modified Foods, Inc.
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2003/05/17/gm-foods-part-six.aspx
All Organic Seeds Now Appear to Be Contaminated With Genetically Modified Crops
All Organic Seeds Now Appear to Be Contaminated With Genetically Modified Crops
Posted by Dr. Mercola | May 23 2001 | 2,801 views
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May 1, 2001 -- Cropchoice News
That was the gist of declarations by two organic agriculture organizations to describe the effect of transgenic crop production on organic farming. As is the case with conventional soy, corn, and canola, organic crops have tested positive for the presence of foreign genetic material because of cross-pollination, seed stock contamination. The inability to segregate transgenic crops from their organic and conventional counterparts during harvest, handling, transport and milling is also responsible for contamination.
The Organic Federation of Australia declared that contamination from transgenic crops in the United States has spread to such a degree that it cannot verify the purity of imported organic ingredients.
Farm Verified Organic seconded that assertion. A press release from the North Dakota certification agency stated: "the GM pollution of American commodities is now so pervasive, we believe it is not possible for farmers in North America to source seed free from it."
"The widespread adoption of GM crops in the U.S. makes it difficult to ensure that grain is not being contaminated with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as it is handled and transported from the field to the end customer. Industry insiders even question whether the foundation (parent) seed for non-GM varieties can meet a 1% purity level," according to the November 2000 edition of Farmindustrynews.com.
David Gould, a member of the certification committee of Farm Verified Organic, discussed the contamination situation with Cropchoice in February.
"Our investigations thus far from the 2000 harvest lead us to believe that virtually all of the seed corn in the United states is contaminated with at least a trace of genetically engineered material, and often more," Gould said. "Even the organic lots are showing traces of biotech varieties."
He pointed out the now familiar StarLink corn fiasco. Iowa farmers planted 1 percent of their crop with StarLink. By harvest time, 50 percent registered positive for the genetically engineered variety.
Since his preferred option of a ban on transgenic crops probably won't happen soon, Gould favors establishment of a maximum tolerance level for genetically modified organisms in organic crops. Currently, there is no universal standard. In the case of corn, he said that if organic certifiers insisted on 0 percent contamination, "we shouldn't certify any corn."
At the same time, he worries that propagating transgenic crops year after year will lead to the presence of more and more foreign genes in organic and conventional varieties. This in turn, would mean raising the tolerance levels. Whether the organic stamp of approval would then become something of a joke is open to debate.
But one should remember that organic standards have to do with production, not purity, said Annie Kirschenmann, of Farm Verified Organic. This means that testing for any kind of residue, be it from pesticide or genetic drift, is not part of determining whether to certify a farm as organic.
Cropchoice.com May 1, 2001
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
Well here we have it, the first suggestion that this is the beginning of the end for pure food crops. It appears that nearly all the organic seeds have some level of contamination with genetically modified crops.
Let me repeat one of the above statements:
Farm Verified Organic seconded that assertion. A press release from the North Dakota certification agency stated: "the GM pollution of American commodities is now so pervasive, we believe it is not possible for farmers in North America to source seed free from it."
This is incredible.
We will need to maximize our efforts to stay healthy to resist the nearly inevitable deterioration on our health that these crops will have.
If you don't believe that there is a problem with genetically modified crops, please review the links below.
Related Articles:
Hazards of Genetically Engineered Food
Oppose FDA's New Regulations on Genetically Engineered Food
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2001/05/23/gm-crops-part-one.aspx
Posted by Dr. Mercola | May 23 2001 | 2,801 views
Email this to a friend
Share this article
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May 1, 2001 -- Cropchoice News
That was the gist of declarations by two organic agriculture organizations to describe the effect of transgenic crop production on organic farming. As is the case with conventional soy, corn, and canola, organic crops have tested positive for the presence of foreign genetic material because of cross-pollination, seed stock contamination. The inability to segregate transgenic crops from their organic and conventional counterparts during harvest, handling, transport and milling is also responsible for contamination.
The Organic Federation of Australia declared that contamination from transgenic crops in the United States has spread to such a degree that it cannot verify the purity of imported organic ingredients.
Farm Verified Organic seconded that assertion. A press release from the North Dakota certification agency stated: "the GM pollution of American commodities is now so pervasive, we believe it is not possible for farmers in North America to source seed free from it."
"The widespread adoption of GM crops in the U.S. makes it difficult to ensure that grain is not being contaminated with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as it is handled and transported from the field to the end customer. Industry insiders even question whether the foundation (parent) seed for non-GM varieties can meet a 1% purity level," according to the November 2000 edition of Farmindustrynews.com.
David Gould, a member of the certification committee of Farm Verified Organic, discussed the contamination situation with Cropchoice in February.
"Our investigations thus far from the 2000 harvest lead us to believe that virtually all of the seed corn in the United states is contaminated with at least a trace of genetically engineered material, and often more," Gould said. "Even the organic lots are showing traces of biotech varieties."
He pointed out the now familiar StarLink corn fiasco. Iowa farmers planted 1 percent of their crop with StarLink. By harvest time, 50 percent registered positive for the genetically engineered variety.
Since his preferred option of a ban on transgenic crops probably won't happen soon, Gould favors establishment of a maximum tolerance level for genetically modified organisms in organic crops. Currently, there is no universal standard. In the case of corn, he said that if organic certifiers insisted on 0 percent contamination, "we shouldn't certify any corn."
At the same time, he worries that propagating transgenic crops year after year will lead to the presence of more and more foreign genes in organic and conventional varieties. This in turn, would mean raising the tolerance levels. Whether the organic stamp of approval would then become something of a joke is open to debate.
But one should remember that organic standards have to do with production, not purity, said Annie Kirschenmann, of Farm Verified Organic. This means that testing for any kind of residue, be it from pesticide or genetic drift, is not part of determining whether to certify a farm as organic.
Cropchoice.com May 1, 2001
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
Well here we have it, the first suggestion that this is the beginning of the end for pure food crops. It appears that nearly all the organic seeds have some level of contamination with genetically modified crops.
Let me repeat one of the above statements:
Farm Verified Organic seconded that assertion. A press release from the North Dakota certification agency stated: "the GM pollution of American commodities is now so pervasive, we believe it is not possible for farmers in North America to source seed free from it."
This is incredible.
We will need to maximize our efforts to stay healthy to resist the nearly inevitable deterioration on our health that these crops will have.
If you don't believe that there is a problem with genetically modified crops, please review the links below.
Related Articles:
Hazards of Genetically Engineered Food
Oppose FDA's New Regulations on Genetically Engineered Food
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2001/05/23/gm-crops-part-one.aspx
Genetically Altered Plants Might Alter You
Genetically Altered Plants Might Alter You
Posted by Dr. Mercola | January 02 2008 | 4,346 views
Fears that genes for antibiotic resistance could jump from genetically modified foods to bacteria in the gut may be fueled by new research from the Netherlands.
The results show that DNA lingers in the intestine, and confirm that genetically modified bacteria can transfer their antibiotic-resistance genes to bacteria in the gut. Using an "artificial gut", researchers showed that DNA remains intact for several minutes in the large intestine.
One concern about some genetically modified (GM) crops, such as maize used as animal fodder, is that they include a gene for antibiotic resistance. The resistance genes are used to track the uptake of modified genes, and are not expressed in the crops.
While some scientists fear that these genes could jump into bacteria in the guts of livestock and create antibiotic-resistant pathogens, others have said there is no such risk because the modified DNA breaks down quickly. The Dutch results cast doubt on these assurances.
If the modified bacteria were a type normally found in the gut, such as Enterococcus, the experiment showed each had a 1 in 10 million chance of passing DNA containing antibiotic-resistance genes to an indigenous gut bacterium when they came in contact.
There are normally around a thousand billion gut bacteria, suggesting many would be transformed. If some normal gut inhabitants were killed off -- as in the guts of people or animals on antibiotics -- the transfer rate from gut-type bacteria increased tenfold.
New Scientist, 30 January 1999
________________________________________
Dr. Mercola's Comment:
This type of research is important in light of the new seeds that are being developed by Monsanto that are called Terminator genes. The seed companies produce hybrid seeds with highly sought after characteristics. They sell the seeds to the farmers who promise not to grow plants with the seeds produced with their harvest and to repurchase them from the seed company.
We all know that would not be a wise commercial decision for the farmer, so the seed company decided to sterilize all future seeds that the crops would produce by adding new genes to the seeds that would make the subsequent crops infertile.
This way, the farmer would be forced to repurchase their seeds from the seed company. Unfortunately, it appears that there is a small risk: these "terminator" genes can now be partially transferred during the digestive process.
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2008/01/02/genetically-altered-plants.aspx
Posted by Dr. Mercola | January 02 2008 | 4,346 views
Fears that genes for antibiotic resistance could jump from genetically modified foods to bacteria in the gut may be fueled by new research from the Netherlands.
The results show that DNA lingers in the intestine, and confirm that genetically modified bacteria can transfer their antibiotic-resistance genes to bacteria in the gut. Using an "artificial gut", researchers showed that DNA remains intact for several minutes in the large intestine.
One concern about some genetically modified (GM) crops, such as maize used as animal fodder, is that they include a gene for antibiotic resistance. The resistance genes are used to track the uptake of modified genes, and are not expressed in the crops.
While some scientists fear that these genes could jump into bacteria in the guts of livestock and create antibiotic-resistant pathogens, others have said there is no such risk because the modified DNA breaks down quickly. The Dutch results cast doubt on these assurances.
If the modified bacteria were a type normally found in the gut, such as Enterococcus, the experiment showed each had a 1 in 10 million chance of passing DNA containing antibiotic-resistance genes to an indigenous gut bacterium when they came in contact.
There are normally around a thousand billion gut bacteria, suggesting many would be transformed. If some normal gut inhabitants were killed off -- as in the guts of people or animals on antibiotics -- the transfer rate from gut-type bacteria increased tenfold.
New Scientist, 30 January 1999
________________________________________
Dr. Mercola's Comment:
This type of research is important in light of the new seeds that are being developed by Monsanto that are called Terminator genes. The seed companies produce hybrid seeds with highly sought after characteristics. They sell the seeds to the farmers who promise not to grow plants with the seeds produced with their harvest and to repurchase them from the seed company.
We all know that would not be a wise commercial decision for the farmer, so the seed company decided to sterilize all future seeds that the crops would produce by adding new genes to the seeds that would make the subsequent crops infertile.
This way, the farmer would be forced to repurchase their seeds from the seed company. Unfortunately, it appears that there is a small risk: these "terminator" genes can now be partially transferred during the digestive process.
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2008/01/02/genetically-altered-plants.aspx
Hazards of Genetically Engineered Food
Hazards of Genetically Engineered Food
Posted by Dr. Mercola | December 03 2000 | 8,843 views
The patenting of genetically engineered foods and widespread biotech food production threatens to eliminate farming as it has been practiced for 12,000 years.
Ronnie Cummins
Little Marais, Minnesota
Introductory Overview
The technology of genetic engineering (GE), wielded by transnational "life science" corporations such as Monsanto and Novartis, is the practice of altering or disrupting the genetic blueprints of living organisms -- plants, animals, humans, microorganisms -- patenting them, and then selling the resulting gene-foods, seeds, or other products for profit.
Life science corporations proclaim, with great fanfare, that their new products will make agriculture sustainable, eliminate world hunger, cure disease, and vastly improve public health. In reality, through their business practices and political lobbying, the gene engineers have made it clear that they intend to use GE to dominate and monopolize the global market for seeds, foods, fiber, and medical products.
GE is a revolutionary new technology still in its early experimental stages of development. This technology has the power to break down fundamental genetic barriers -- not only between species -- but between humans, animals, and plants. By randomly inserting together the genes of non-related species -- utilizing viruses, antibiotic-resistant genes, and bacteria as vectors, markers, and promoters -- and permanently altering their genetic codes, gene-altered organisms are created that pass these genetic changes onto their offspring through heredity.
Gene engineers all over the world are now snipping, inserting, recombining, rearranging, editing, and programming genetic material. Animal genes and even human genes are randomly inserted into the chromosomes of plants, fish, and animals, creating heretofore unimaginable transgenic life forms. For the first time in history, transnational biotechnology corporations are becoming the architects and "owners" of life.
With little or no regulatory restraints, labeling requirements, or scientific protocol, bio-engineers have begun creating hundreds of new GE "Frankenfoods" and crops, oblivious to human and environmental hazards, or negative socioeconomic impacts on the world's several billion farmers and rural villagers.
Despite an increasing number of scientists warning that current gene-splicing techniques are crude, inexact, and unpredictable -- and therefore inherently dangerous -- pro-biotech governments and regulatory agencies, led by the US, maintain that GE foods and crops are "substantially equivalent" to conventional foods, and therefore require neither mandatory labeling nor pre-market safety-testing. This Brave New World of Frankenfoods is frightening.
There are currently more than four dozen genetically engineered foods and crops being grown or sold in the US. These foods and crops are widely dispersed into the food chain and the environment. Over 70 million acres of GE crops are presently under cultivation in the US, while up to 500,000 dairy cows are being injected regularly with Monsanto's recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone (rBGH).
Most supermarket processed food items now "test positive" for the presence of GE ingredients. In addition several dozen more GE crops are in the final stages of development and will soon be released into the environment and sold in the marketplace. According to the biotechnology industry almost 100% of US food and fiber will be genetically engineered within 5-10 years. The "hidden menu" of these unlabeled genetically engineered foods and food ingredients in the US now includes soybeans, soy oil, corn, potatoes, squash, canola oil, cotton seed oil, papaya, tomatoes, and dairy products.
Genetic engineering of food and fiber products is inherently unpredictable and dangerous -- for humans, for animals, the environment, and for the future of sustainable and organic agriculture. As Dr. Michael Antoniou, a British molecular scientist points out, gene-splicing has already resulted in the "unexpected production of toxic substances... in genetically engineered bacteria, yeast, plants, and animals with the problem remaining undetected until a major health hazard has arisen."
The hazards of GE foods and crops fall basically into three categories: human health hazards, environmental hazards, and socioeconomic hazards. A brief look at the already-proven and likely hazards of GE products provides a convincing argument for why we need a global moratorium on all GE foods and crops.
Toxins & Poisons
Genetically engineered products clearly have the potential to be toxic and a threat to human health. In 1989 a genetically engineered brand of L-tryptophan, a common dietary supplement, killed 37 Americans and permanently disabled or afflicted more than 5,000 others with a potentially fatal and painful blood disorder, eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (EMS), before it was recalled by the Food and Drug Administration.
The manufacturer, Showa Denko, Japan's third largest chemical company, had for the first time in 1988-89 used GE bacteria to produce the over-the-counter supplement. It is believed that the bacteria somehow became contaminated during the recombinant DNA process. Showa Denko has already paid out over $2 billion in damages to EMS victims.
In 1999, front-page headline stories in the British press revealed Rowett Institute scientist Dr. Arpad Pusztai's explosive research findings that GE potatoes, spliced with DNA from the snowdrop plant and a commonly used viral promoter, the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMv), are poisonous to mammals. GE-snowdrop potatoes, found to be significantly different in chemical composition from regular potatoes, damaged the vital organs and immune systems of lab rats fed the GE potatoes.
Most alarming of all, damage to the rats' stomach linings -- apparently a severe viral infection -- most likely was caused by the CaMv viral promoter, a promoter spliced into nearly all GE foods and crops.
Dr. Pusztai's pathbreaking research work unfortunately remains incomplete (government funding was cut off and he was fired after he spoke to the media). But more and more scientists around the world are warning that genetic manipulation can increase the levels of natural plant toxins in foods (or create entirely new toxins) in unexpected ways by switching on genes that produce poisons.
And since regulatory agencies do not currently require the kind of thorough chemical and feeding tests that Dr. Pusztai was conducting, consumers have now become involuntary guinea pigs in a vast genetic experiment. As Dr. Pusztai warns, "Think of William Tell shooting an arrow at a target. Now put a blindfold on the man doing the shooting and that's the reality of the genetic engineer doing a gene insertion."
Increased Cancer Risks
In 1994, the FDA approved the sale of Monsanto's controversial GE recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone (rBGH) -- injected into dairy cows to force them to produce more milk -- even though scientists warned that significantly higher levels (400-500% or more) of a potent chemical hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF-1), in the milk and dairy products of injected cows, could pose serious hazards for human breast, prostate, and colon cancer.
A number of studies have shown that humans with elevated levels of IGF-1 in their bodies are much more likely to get cancer. In addition the US Congressional watchdog agency, the GAO, told the FDA not to approve rBGH, arguing that increased antibiotic residues in the milk of rBGH-injected cows (resulting from higher rates of udder infections requiring antibiotic treatment) posed an unacceptable risk for public health.
In 1998, heretofore undisclosed Monsanto/FDA documents were released by government scientists in Canada, showing damage to laboratory rats fed dosages of rBGH. Significant infiltration of rBGH into the prostate of the rats as well as thyroid cysts indicated potential cancer hazards from the drug. Subsequently the government of Canada banned rBGH in early 1999. The European Union has had a ban in place since 1994.
Although rBGH continues to be injected into 4-5% of all US dairy cows, no other industrialized country has legalized its use. Even the GATT Codex Alimentarius, a United Nations food standards body, has refused to certify that rBGH is safe. (Also see: Monsanto and Fox TV Unite to Suppress Journalists'Free Speech on Hazards of Genetically Engineered Bovine Growth Hormone (rBGH or rBST)
Food Allergies
In 1996 a major GE food disaster was narrowly averted when Nebraska researchers learned that a Brazil nut gene spliced into soybeans could induce potentially fatal allergies in people sensitive to Brazil nuts. Animal tests of these Brazil nut-spliced soybeans had turned up negative.
People with food allergies (which currently afflicts 8% of all American children), whose symptoms can range from mild unpleasantness to sudden death, may likely be harmed by exposure to foreign proteins spliced into common food products. Since humans have never before eaten most of the foreign proteins now being gene-spliced into foods, stringent pre-market safety-testing (including long-term animal feeding and volunteer human feeding studies) is necessary in order to prevent a future public health disaster.
Mandatory labeling is also necessary so that those suffering from food allergies can avoid hazardous GE foods and so that public health officials can trace allergens back to their source when GE-induced food allergies break out.
Unfortunately the FDA and other global regulatory agencies do not routinely require pre-market animal and human studies to ascertain whether new allergens or toxins, or increased levels of human allergens or toxins we already know about, are present in genetically engineered foods. As British scientist Dr. Mae-Wan Ho points out "There is no known way to predict the allergenic potential of GE foods. Allergic reactions typically occur only some time after the subject is sensitized by initial exposure to the allergen."
Damage to Food Quality & Nutrition
A 1999 study by Dr. Marc Lappe published in the Journal of Medicinal Food found that concentrations of beneficial phytoestrogen compounds thought to protect against heart disease and cancer were lower in genetically modified soybeans than in traditional strains. These and other studies, including Dr. Pusztai's, indicate that genetically engineering food will likely result in foods lower in quality and nutrition. For example the milk from cows injected with rBGH contains higher levels of pus, bacteria, and fat.
Antibiotic Resistance
When gene engineers splice a foreign gene into a plant or microbe, they often link it to another gene, called an antibiotic resistance marker gene (ARM), that helps determine if the first gene was successfully spliced into the host organism.
Some researchers warn that these ARM genes might unexpectedly recombine with disease-causing bacteria or microbes in the environment or in the guts of animals or people who eat GE food, contributing to the growing public health danger of antibiotic resistance -- of infections that cannot be cured with traditional antibiotics, for example new strains of salmonella, e-coli, campylobacter, and enterococci. EU (European Union) authorities are currently considering a ban on all GE foods containing antibiotic resistant marker genes.
Increased Pesticide Residues in the Soil and on Crops
Contrary to biotech industry propaganda, recent studies have found that US farmers growing GE crops are using just as many toxic pesticides and herbicides as conventional farmers, and in some cases are using more. Crops genetically engineered to be herbicide-resistant account for 70% of all GE crops planted in 1998.
The so-called "benefits" of these herbicide-resistant crops are that farmers can spray as much of a particular herbicide on their crops as they want -- killing the weeds without damaging their crop. Scientists estimate that herbicide-resistant crops planted around the globe will triple the amount of toxic broad-spectrum herbicides used in agriculture. These broad-spectrum herbicides are designed to literally kill everything green.
The leaders in biotechnology are the same giant chemical companies -- Monsanto, DuPont, AgrEvo, Novartis, and Rhone-Poulenc -- that sell toxic pesticides. These companies are genetically engineering plants to be resistant to herbicides that they manufacture so they can sell more herbicides to farmers who, in turn, can apply more poisonous herbicides to crops to kill weeds.
Genetic Pollution
"Genetic pollution" and collateral damage from GE field crops already have begun to wreak environmental havoc. Wind, rain, birds, bees, and insect pollinators have begun carrying genetically-altered pollen into adjoining fields, polluting the DNA of crops of organic and non-GE farmers.
An organic farm in Texas has been contaminated with genetic drift from GE crops on a nearby farm and EU regulators are considering setting an "allowable limit" for genetic contamination of non-GE foods, because they don't believe genetic pollution can be controlled. Because they are alive, gene-altered crops are inherently more unpredictable than chemical pollutants -- they can reproduce, migrate, and mutate. Once released, it is virtually impossible to recall genetically engineered organisms back to the laboratory or the field.
Damage to Beneficial Insects and Soil Fertility
Earlier this year, Cornell University researchers made a startling discovery. They found that pollen from genetically engineered Bt corn was poisonous to Monarch butterflies. The study adds to a growing body of evidence that GE crops are adversely affecting a number of beneficial insects, including ladybugs and lacewings, as well as beneficial soil microorganisms, bees, and possibly birds.
Creation of GE "Superweeds" and "Superpests"
Genetically engineering crops to be herbicide-resistant or to produce their own pesticide presents dangerous problems. Pests and weeds will inevitably emerge that are pesticide or herbicide-resistant, which means that stronger, more toxic chemicals will be needed to get rid of the pests.
We are already seeing the emergence of the first "superweeds" as GE herbicide-resistant crops such as rapeseed (canola) spread their herbicide-resistance traits to related weeds such as wild mustard plants. Lab and field tests also indicate that common plant pests such as cotton boll worms, living under constant pressure from GE crops, will soon evolve into "superpests" completely immune to Bt sprays and other environmentally sustainable biopesticides. This will present a serious danger for organic and sustainable farmers whose biological pest management practices will be unable to cope with increasing numbers of superpests and superweeds.
Creation of New Viruses and Bacteria
Gene-splicing will inevitably result in unanticipated outcomes and dangerous surprises that damage plants and the environment. Researchers conducting experiments at Michigan State University several years ago found that genetically-altering plants to resist viruses can cause the viruses to mutate into new, more virulent forms. Scientists in Oregon found that a genetically engineered soil microorganism, Klebsiella planticola, completely killed essential soil nutrients. Environmental Protection Agency whistle blowers issued similar warnings in 1997 protesting government approval of a GE soil bacteria called Rhizobium melitoli.
Genetic "Bio-Invasion"
By virtue of their "superior" genes, some genetically engineered plants and animals will inevitably run amok, overpowering wild species in the same way that introduced exotic species, such as kudzu vine and Dutch elm disease, which have created problems in North America. What will happen to wild fish and marine species, for example, when scientists release into the environment carp, salmon, and trout that are twice as large, and eat twice as much food, as their wild counterparts?
Socioeconomic Hazards
The patenting of genetically engineered foods and widespread biotech food production threatens to eliminate farming as it has been practiced for 12,000 years. GE patents such as the Terminator Technology will render seeds infertile and force hundreds of millions of farmers who now save and share their seeds to purchase evermore expensive GE seeds and chemical inputs from a handful of global biotech/seed monopolies.
If the trend is not stopped, the patenting of transgenic plants and food-producing animals will soon lead to universal "bioserfdom" in which farmers will lease their plants and animals from biotech conglomerates such as Monsanto and pay royalties on seeds and offspring. Family and indigenous farmers will be driven off the land and consumers' food choices will be dictated by a cartel of transnational corporations. Rural communities will be devastated. Hundreds of millions of farmers and agricultural workers worldwide will lose their livelihoods.
Ethical Hazards
The genetic engineering and patenting of animals reduces living beings to the status of manufactured products and will result in much suffering. In January 1994, the USDA announced that scientists had completed genetic "road maps" for cattle and pigs, a precursor to evermore experimentation on live animals. In addition to the cruelty inherent in such experimentation (the "mistakes" are born with painful deformities, crippled, blind, and so on), these "manufactured" creatures have no greater value to their "creators" than mechanical inventions.
Animals genetically engineered for use in laboratories, such as the infamous "Harvard mouse" which contains a human cancer-causing gene that will be passed down to all succeeding generations, were created to suffer. A purely reductionist science, biotechnology reduces all life to bits of information (genetic code) that can be arranged and rearranged at whim.
Stripped of their integrity and sacred qualities, animals who are merely objects to their "inventors" will be treated as such. Currently, hundreds of genetically engineered "freak" animals are awaiting patent approval from the federal government. One can only wonder, after the wholesale gene-altering and patenting of animals, will GE "designer babies" be next?
Also see:
• Interview with Dr. Vandana Shiva -
"The deeper you can manipulate living structures the more you can control food and medicine."
St. Louis, Missouri
• More articles on Genetic Engineering
Published in Motion Magazine August 29, 1999. Originally published by Ronnie Cummins in the August 24, 1999 issue of the Internet publication Campaign for Food Safety News. Republished with permission.
Ronnie Cummins works at the Campaign for Food Safety
The Campaign for Food Safety is a public interest organization dedicated to building a healthy, safe, and sustainable system of food production and consumption. We are a global clearinghouse for information and grassroots technical assistance.To subscribe to the monthly electronic newsletter, Campaign for Food Safety News, send an email message to: < majordomo@mr.net > with the simple message: subscribe pure-food-action.
Affiliated with the Organic Consumers Association
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
Although this is an older article not much has changed in food that is genetically engineered, except that there is more of it. This is an excellent review of the topic and one that we ALL need to familiarize ourselves with as we will be increasingly exposed to GM foods.
I did not realize that the contaminated tryptophan issue was related to genetically modified bacteria. Folks, this is a big issue and my feeling is that this is the tip of the iceberg. If you want to keep you and your family healthy I advise avoiding these foods.
If you follow the diet guidelines you will be doing it, since soy and corn are two of the most widely GM foods. You also might want to consider subscribing to the Organic Consumers Association.
Related Articles:
New Concerns Rise on Keeping Track of Modified Corn
Banned Biotech Corn Found in Taco Bell Shells
Americans Don't Know They are Eating Genetically Modified Food
Health Risks of Genetically Modified Foods
Genetically Modified Crops Worry Some Scientists
GENETICALLY ALTERED PLANTS MIGHT ALTER YOU
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2000/12/03/ge-food-part-one.aspx
Posted by Dr. Mercola | December 03 2000 | 8,843 views
The patenting of genetically engineered foods and widespread biotech food production threatens to eliminate farming as it has been practiced for 12,000 years.
Ronnie Cummins
Little Marais, Minnesota
Introductory Overview
The technology of genetic engineering (GE), wielded by transnational "life science" corporations such as Monsanto and Novartis, is the practice of altering or disrupting the genetic blueprints of living organisms -- plants, animals, humans, microorganisms -- patenting them, and then selling the resulting gene-foods, seeds, or other products for profit.
Life science corporations proclaim, with great fanfare, that their new products will make agriculture sustainable, eliminate world hunger, cure disease, and vastly improve public health. In reality, through their business practices and political lobbying, the gene engineers have made it clear that they intend to use GE to dominate and monopolize the global market for seeds, foods, fiber, and medical products.
GE is a revolutionary new technology still in its early experimental stages of development. This technology has the power to break down fundamental genetic barriers -- not only between species -- but between humans, animals, and plants. By randomly inserting together the genes of non-related species -- utilizing viruses, antibiotic-resistant genes, and bacteria as vectors, markers, and promoters -- and permanently altering their genetic codes, gene-altered organisms are created that pass these genetic changes onto their offspring through heredity.
Gene engineers all over the world are now snipping, inserting, recombining, rearranging, editing, and programming genetic material. Animal genes and even human genes are randomly inserted into the chromosomes of plants, fish, and animals, creating heretofore unimaginable transgenic life forms. For the first time in history, transnational biotechnology corporations are becoming the architects and "owners" of life.
With little or no regulatory restraints, labeling requirements, or scientific protocol, bio-engineers have begun creating hundreds of new GE "Frankenfoods" and crops, oblivious to human and environmental hazards, or negative socioeconomic impacts on the world's several billion farmers and rural villagers.
Despite an increasing number of scientists warning that current gene-splicing techniques are crude, inexact, and unpredictable -- and therefore inherently dangerous -- pro-biotech governments and regulatory agencies, led by the US, maintain that GE foods and crops are "substantially equivalent" to conventional foods, and therefore require neither mandatory labeling nor pre-market safety-testing. This Brave New World of Frankenfoods is frightening.
There are currently more than four dozen genetically engineered foods and crops being grown or sold in the US. These foods and crops are widely dispersed into the food chain and the environment. Over 70 million acres of GE crops are presently under cultivation in the US, while up to 500,000 dairy cows are being injected regularly with Monsanto's recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone (rBGH).
Most supermarket processed food items now "test positive" for the presence of GE ingredients. In addition several dozen more GE crops are in the final stages of development and will soon be released into the environment and sold in the marketplace. According to the biotechnology industry almost 100% of US food and fiber will be genetically engineered within 5-10 years. The "hidden menu" of these unlabeled genetically engineered foods and food ingredients in the US now includes soybeans, soy oil, corn, potatoes, squash, canola oil, cotton seed oil, papaya, tomatoes, and dairy products.
Genetic engineering of food and fiber products is inherently unpredictable and dangerous -- for humans, for animals, the environment, and for the future of sustainable and organic agriculture. As Dr. Michael Antoniou, a British molecular scientist points out, gene-splicing has already resulted in the "unexpected production of toxic substances... in genetically engineered bacteria, yeast, plants, and animals with the problem remaining undetected until a major health hazard has arisen."
The hazards of GE foods and crops fall basically into three categories: human health hazards, environmental hazards, and socioeconomic hazards. A brief look at the already-proven and likely hazards of GE products provides a convincing argument for why we need a global moratorium on all GE foods and crops.
Toxins & Poisons
Genetically engineered products clearly have the potential to be toxic and a threat to human health. In 1989 a genetically engineered brand of L-tryptophan, a common dietary supplement, killed 37 Americans and permanently disabled or afflicted more than 5,000 others with a potentially fatal and painful blood disorder, eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (EMS), before it was recalled by the Food and Drug Administration.
The manufacturer, Showa Denko, Japan's third largest chemical company, had for the first time in 1988-89 used GE bacteria to produce the over-the-counter supplement. It is believed that the bacteria somehow became contaminated during the recombinant DNA process. Showa Denko has already paid out over $2 billion in damages to EMS victims.
In 1999, front-page headline stories in the British press revealed Rowett Institute scientist Dr. Arpad Pusztai's explosive research findings that GE potatoes, spliced with DNA from the snowdrop plant and a commonly used viral promoter, the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMv), are poisonous to mammals. GE-snowdrop potatoes, found to be significantly different in chemical composition from regular potatoes, damaged the vital organs and immune systems of lab rats fed the GE potatoes.
Most alarming of all, damage to the rats' stomach linings -- apparently a severe viral infection -- most likely was caused by the CaMv viral promoter, a promoter spliced into nearly all GE foods and crops.
Dr. Pusztai's pathbreaking research work unfortunately remains incomplete (government funding was cut off and he was fired after he spoke to the media). But more and more scientists around the world are warning that genetic manipulation can increase the levels of natural plant toxins in foods (or create entirely new toxins) in unexpected ways by switching on genes that produce poisons.
And since regulatory agencies do not currently require the kind of thorough chemical and feeding tests that Dr. Pusztai was conducting, consumers have now become involuntary guinea pigs in a vast genetic experiment. As Dr. Pusztai warns, "Think of William Tell shooting an arrow at a target. Now put a blindfold on the man doing the shooting and that's the reality of the genetic engineer doing a gene insertion."
Increased Cancer Risks
In 1994, the FDA approved the sale of Monsanto's controversial GE recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone (rBGH) -- injected into dairy cows to force them to produce more milk -- even though scientists warned that significantly higher levels (400-500% or more) of a potent chemical hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF-1), in the milk and dairy products of injected cows, could pose serious hazards for human breast, prostate, and colon cancer.
A number of studies have shown that humans with elevated levels of IGF-1 in their bodies are much more likely to get cancer. In addition the US Congressional watchdog agency, the GAO, told the FDA not to approve rBGH, arguing that increased antibiotic residues in the milk of rBGH-injected cows (resulting from higher rates of udder infections requiring antibiotic treatment) posed an unacceptable risk for public health.
In 1998, heretofore undisclosed Monsanto/FDA documents were released by government scientists in Canada, showing damage to laboratory rats fed dosages of rBGH. Significant infiltration of rBGH into the prostate of the rats as well as thyroid cysts indicated potential cancer hazards from the drug. Subsequently the government of Canada banned rBGH in early 1999. The European Union has had a ban in place since 1994.
Although rBGH continues to be injected into 4-5% of all US dairy cows, no other industrialized country has legalized its use. Even the GATT Codex Alimentarius, a United Nations food standards body, has refused to certify that rBGH is safe. (Also see: Monsanto and Fox TV Unite to Suppress Journalists'Free Speech on Hazards of Genetically Engineered Bovine Growth Hormone (rBGH or rBST)
Food Allergies
In 1996 a major GE food disaster was narrowly averted when Nebraska researchers learned that a Brazil nut gene spliced into soybeans could induce potentially fatal allergies in people sensitive to Brazil nuts. Animal tests of these Brazil nut-spliced soybeans had turned up negative.
People with food allergies (which currently afflicts 8% of all American children), whose symptoms can range from mild unpleasantness to sudden death, may likely be harmed by exposure to foreign proteins spliced into common food products. Since humans have never before eaten most of the foreign proteins now being gene-spliced into foods, stringent pre-market safety-testing (including long-term animal feeding and volunteer human feeding studies) is necessary in order to prevent a future public health disaster.
Mandatory labeling is also necessary so that those suffering from food allergies can avoid hazardous GE foods and so that public health officials can trace allergens back to their source when GE-induced food allergies break out.
Unfortunately the FDA and other global regulatory agencies do not routinely require pre-market animal and human studies to ascertain whether new allergens or toxins, or increased levels of human allergens or toxins we already know about, are present in genetically engineered foods. As British scientist Dr. Mae-Wan Ho points out "There is no known way to predict the allergenic potential of GE foods. Allergic reactions typically occur only some time after the subject is sensitized by initial exposure to the allergen."
Damage to Food Quality & Nutrition
A 1999 study by Dr. Marc Lappe published in the Journal of Medicinal Food found that concentrations of beneficial phytoestrogen compounds thought to protect against heart disease and cancer were lower in genetically modified soybeans than in traditional strains. These and other studies, including Dr. Pusztai's, indicate that genetically engineering food will likely result in foods lower in quality and nutrition. For example the milk from cows injected with rBGH contains higher levels of pus, bacteria, and fat.
Antibiotic Resistance
When gene engineers splice a foreign gene into a plant or microbe, they often link it to another gene, called an antibiotic resistance marker gene (ARM), that helps determine if the first gene was successfully spliced into the host organism.
Some researchers warn that these ARM genes might unexpectedly recombine with disease-causing bacteria or microbes in the environment or in the guts of animals or people who eat GE food, contributing to the growing public health danger of antibiotic resistance -- of infections that cannot be cured with traditional antibiotics, for example new strains of salmonella, e-coli, campylobacter, and enterococci. EU (European Union) authorities are currently considering a ban on all GE foods containing antibiotic resistant marker genes.
Increased Pesticide Residues in the Soil and on Crops
Contrary to biotech industry propaganda, recent studies have found that US farmers growing GE crops are using just as many toxic pesticides and herbicides as conventional farmers, and in some cases are using more. Crops genetically engineered to be herbicide-resistant account for 70% of all GE crops planted in 1998.
The so-called "benefits" of these herbicide-resistant crops are that farmers can spray as much of a particular herbicide on their crops as they want -- killing the weeds without damaging their crop. Scientists estimate that herbicide-resistant crops planted around the globe will triple the amount of toxic broad-spectrum herbicides used in agriculture. These broad-spectrum herbicides are designed to literally kill everything green.
The leaders in biotechnology are the same giant chemical companies -- Monsanto, DuPont, AgrEvo, Novartis, and Rhone-Poulenc -- that sell toxic pesticides. These companies are genetically engineering plants to be resistant to herbicides that they manufacture so they can sell more herbicides to farmers who, in turn, can apply more poisonous herbicides to crops to kill weeds.
Genetic Pollution
"Genetic pollution" and collateral damage from GE field crops already have begun to wreak environmental havoc. Wind, rain, birds, bees, and insect pollinators have begun carrying genetically-altered pollen into adjoining fields, polluting the DNA of crops of organic and non-GE farmers.
An organic farm in Texas has been contaminated with genetic drift from GE crops on a nearby farm and EU regulators are considering setting an "allowable limit" for genetic contamination of non-GE foods, because they don't believe genetic pollution can be controlled. Because they are alive, gene-altered crops are inherently more unpredictable than chemical pollutants -- they can reproduce, migrate, and mutate. Once released, it is virtually impossible to recall genetically engineered organisms back to the laboratory or the field.
Damage to Beneficial Insects and Soil Fertility
Earlier this year, Cornell University researchers made a startling discovery. They found that pollen from genetically engineered Bt corn was poisonous to Monarch butterflies. The study adds to a growing body of evidence that GE crops are adversely affecting a number of beneficial insects, including ladybugs and lacewings, as well as beneficial soil microorganisms, bees, and possibly birds.
Creation of GE "Superweeds" and "Superpests"
Genetically engineering crops to be herbicide-resistant or to produce their own pesticide presents dangerous problems. Pests and weeds will inevitably emerge that are pesticide or herbicide-resistant, which means that stronger, more toxic chemicals will be needed to get rid of the pests.
We are already seeing the emergence of the first "superweeds" as GE herbicide-resistant crops such as rapeseed (canola) spread their herbicide-resistance traits to related weeds such as wild mustard plants. Lab and field tests also indicate that common plant pests such as cotton boll worms, living under constant pressure from GE crops, will soon evolve into "superpests" completely immune to Bt sprays and other environmentally sustainable biopesticides. This will present a serious danger for organic and sustainable farmers whose biological pest management practices will be unable to cope with increasing numbers of superpests and superweeds.
Creation of New Viruses and Bacteria
Gene-splicing will inevitably result in unanticipated outcomes and dangerous surprises that damage plants and the environment. Researchers conducting experiments at Michigan State University several years ago found that genetically-altering plants to resist viruses can cause the viruses to mutate into new, more virulent forms. Scientists in Oregon found that a genetically engineered soil microorganism, Klebsiella planticola, completely killed essential soil nutrients. Environmental Protection Agency whistle blowers issued similar warnings in 1997 protesting government approval of a GE soil bacteria called Rhizobium melitoli.
Genetic "Bio-Invasion"
By virtue of their "superior" genes, some genetically engineered plants and animals will inevitably run amok, overpowering wild species in the same way that introduced exotic species, such as kudzu vine and Dutch elm disease, which have created problems in North America. What will happen to wild fish and marine species, for example, when scientists release into the environment carp, salmon, and trout that are twice as large, and eat twice as much food, as their wild counterparts?
Socioeconomic Hazards
The patenting of genetically engineered foods and widespread biotech food production threatens to eliminate farming as it has been practiced for 12,000 years. GE patents such as the Terminator Technology will render seeds infertile and force hundreds of millions of farmers who now save and share their seeds to purchase evermore expensive GE seeds and chemical inputs from a handful of global biotech/seed monopolies.
If the trend is not stopped, the patenting of transgenic plants and food-producing animals will soon lead to universal "bioserfdom" in which farmers will lease their plants and animals from biotech conglomerates such as Monsanto and pay royalties on seeds and offspring. Family and indigenous farmers will be driven off the land and consumers' food choices will be dictated by a cartel of transnational corporations. Rural communities will be devastated. Hundreds of millions of farmers and agricultural workers worldwide will lose their livelihoods.
Ethical Hazards
The genetic engineering and patenting of animals reduces living beings to the status of manufactured products and will result in much suffering. In January 1994, the USDA announced that scientists had completed genetic "road maps" for cattle and pigs, a precursor to evermore experimentation on live animals. In addition to the cruelty inherent in such experimentation (the "mistakes" are born with painful deformities, crippled, blind, and so on), these "manufactured" creatures have no greater value to their "creators" than mechanical inventions.
Animals genetically engineered for use in laboratories, such as the infamous "Harvard mouse" which contains a human cancer-causing gene that will be passed down to all succeeding generations, were created to suffer. A purely reductionist science, biotechnology reduces all life to bits of information (genetic code) that can be arranged and rearranged at whim.
Stripped of their integrity and sacred qualities, animals who are merely objects to their "inventors" will be treated as such. Currently, hundreds of genetically engineered "freak" animals are awaiting patent approval from the federal government. One can only wonder, after the wholesale gene-altering and patenting of animals, will GE "designer babies" be next?
Also see:
• Interview with Dr. Vandana Shiva -
"The deeper you can manipulate living structures the more you can control food and medicine."
St. Louis, Missouri
• More articles on Genetic Engineering
Published in Motion Magazine August 29, 1999. Originally published by Ronnie Cummins in the August 24, 1999 issue of the Internet publication Campaign for Food Safety News. Republished with permission.
Ronnie Cummins works at the Campaign for Food Safety
The Campaign for Food Safety is a public interest organization dedicated to building a healthy, safe, and sustainable system of food production and consumption. We are a global clearinghouse for information and grassroots technical assistance.To subscribe to the monthly electronic newsletter, Campaign for Food Safety News, send an email message to: < majordomo@mr.net > with the simple message: subscribe pure-food-action.
Affiliated with the Organic Consumers Association
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
Although this is an older article not much has changed in food that is genetically engineered, except that there is more of it. This is an excellent review of the topic and one that we ALL need to familiarize ourselves with as we will be increasingly exposed to GM foods.
I did not realize that the contaminated tryptophan issue was related to genetically modified bacteria. Folks, this is a big issue and my feeling is that this is the tip of the iceberg. If you want to keep you and your family healthy I advise avoiding these foods.
If you follow the diet guidelines you will be doing it, since soy and corn are two of the most widely GM foods. You also might want to consider subscribing to the Organic Consumers Association.
Related Articles:
New Concerns Rise on Keeping Track of Modified Corn
Banned Biotech Corn Found in Taco Bell Shells
Americans Don't Know They are Eating Genetically Modified Food
Health Risks of Genetically Modified Foods
Genetically Modified Crops Worry Some Scientists
GENETICALLY ALTERED PLANTS MIGHT ALTER YOU
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2000/12/03/ge-food-part-one.aspx
The Dangers of Genetic Engineering
The Dangers of Genetic Engineering
Posted by Dr. Mercola | August 25 2001 | 4,949 views
by Dr. Mae-Wan Ho
As one of the many scientists presenting evidence to the Royal Commission on Genetic Engineering, I had high hopes that New Zealand would assume moral and intellectual leadership in rejecting this dangerous technology bolstered by degenerate science, so obviously serving the corporate agenda instead of the public good.
It has become increasingly evident that GM technology is inherently hazardous and unreliable both in agriculture and in medicine. The list of failures is growing apace. Let me mention a few recent examples that came to light since I presented evidence to the Commission.
GM crops are inherently unstable, and this is fully borne out by numerous new scientific publications. Even the top 'success', Roundup Ready soy, is showing every sign of breakdown: reduced yield, non-germination, diseases and infestation by new pests.
Molecular genetic characterization, the first ever done on any commercially grown GM crop so far, has confirmed that both the GM construct of Roundup Ready soy and the host genome have been scrambled (rearranged), and hundreds of basepairs of unknown DNA has got in as well.
The 'next generation' crops are even worse. I draw your attention especially to those developed with terminator technologies aimed at protecting corporate patents and preventing farmers from saving and replanting seeds. Many are currently field tested and commercially grown as 'male sterile' crops.
Not only are the constructs more complicated and hence more unstable and prone to horizontal gene transfer, the gene products used are cell poisons or recombinases, ie, genome scramblers. Female-sterile and even male-sterile genes (yes!) are being spread via pollen. These dangerous genes will spread and wipe out other crops as well as wild plant species.
It has become all too clear that GM agriculture cannot co-exist with other forms of agriculture. Bees are known to travel up to10km or more in foraging for pollen.
There is no way to prevent the horizontal spread of GM constructs to unrelated species, which can occur in all environments, including the digestive and respiratory tracts of animals.
There are both sound a priori reasons as well as empirical evidence to support my contention, shared by other scientists that GM constructs may more likely spread horizontally than non-manipulated DNA. Let me reiterate them here.
GM constructs are designed to cross species barriers and invade genomes. They possess homologies to a wide combination of viral and bacterial DNA and are hence much more likely to recombine with, and transfer genes to all those agents.
GM constructs are well known to be structurally unstable and hence prone to fragment and recombine. Some constructs such as those with the CaMV 35S promoter are extra unstable on account of the presence of recombination hotspots.
I have mentioned the now abundant empirical evidence of structural instability of transgenic DNA and trangenic plants above. The CaMV 35S promoter has been shown to be extra unstable in GM crops. And horizontal transfer of transgenic DNA has been demonstrated both in the laboratory and in the field.
I note from your report that Dr Daniel Cohen, a plant scientist in the Plant Health and Development group of HortResearch, had attempted to refute my warnings about the CaMV 35S promoter.
But he, like other GM proponents, had failed to counter my point that the isolated, recombined CaMV 35S promoter cannot be equated with the promoter in the intact viral genome or the intact virus.
The intact viral genome had evolved over millions of years. The host range of the virus itself is restricted to the cabbage family, and it has a well-tried and tested life cycle in the host cell that does not require integration into the host genome. The fact that no transfer from the virus into the plant genome has taken place in the course of evolution attests to the effective biological barriers that keep species distinct.
The same promoter, removed from the viral genome and put next to strange genes in the GM construct, is entirely different. It now functions promiscuously across the living world, including animal and human cells.
Its destabilizing effect on GM crops is such that many scientists, including those who pioneered its use, are now phasing it out. There is no justification for releasing any GM crop containing the CaMV35S promoter into the environment.
I note that you have approved the field release of GM tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea) for resistance to tamarillo mosaic virus at Kerikeri Research Station. This crop not only contains CaMV 35S promoter, but also has a kanamycin resistance marker gene.
The approval of this marker gene was a regulatory blunder committed in the United States and elsewhere, as it is clear that kanamycin is still widely in clinical use, and the marker gene confers resistance to new generation aminoglycosides as well. There is also plenty of evidence that GM crops with viral genes are prone to give rise to recombinant viruses, some of which more virulent than the 'wild type'.
When I first drew attention to horizontal gene transfer in 1995, proponents of GM technology reacted by denying it exists. Now they, like Dr. Daniel Cohen, are saying it does not matter because it is a natural process.
Horizontal gene transfer may have occurred in our evolutionary past, but GM constructs are anything but natural. They are synthetic genes and new combinations of genes that have never existed in billions of years of evolution, and cannot in any sense be regarded as natural.
And, I am afraid, the GM proponents will have to change their tune again; for a rigorous reanalysis of the human genome and other data has failed to substantiate the claim that the human genome has 113 to 226 bacterial genes transferred into it.
The actual number could well be no more than a few, or none at all. What is the lesson? Precisely as I have always said, horizontal gene transfer does not readily happen without genetic engineering.
Genetic engineering enhances it, with dangerous consequences.
In biomedical applications, the gene-centered approach is equally misplaced and pernicious. So-called 'health genomics' is a drain on our intellectual and financial resources. It is preventing us from addressing the real, overwhelming causes of ill health: poverty, malnutrition, social injustice and environmental pollution.
It is stigmatizing and victimizing those most in need of care and treatment, and making even the most unethical applications, such as human cloning and 'therapeutic human cloning', seem compelling.
Furthermore, the 'cures' on offer are literally deadly. The toll from 'gene therapy' trials so far is at least 6 deaths and more than 650 adverse events.
It is now admitted that gene therapy has been oversold by the scientists themselves. Presumed stem cells from human fetuses transplanted into the brain of 5 Parkinson's patients turned into an irredeemable nightmare because the cells grew uncontrollably.
The latest verdict from an international team of cloners is that mice embryonic stem cells are uncontrollably variable in culture, the clones themselves are also subject to uncontrollable and unpredictable variations and defects.
And xenotransplantation is widely condemned because there is clear evidence that endogenous viruses from animal organs can cross into humans.
New lethal viruses continue to be created in genetic engineering labs, some of the latest being SHIVs, hybrids of human and monkey AIDS viruses that can infect both.
Finally, AIDS virologists have issued serious warning against AIDS vaccines that undermine the immune system, making it more susceptible to viral infections, and have the potential to generate lethal viruses and bacteria in the vaccinated populations.
A sweeping paradigm change is long overdue if we are to survive the destruction that reductionist science and technology have wrought on us and on our planet.
We have all the means to deliver genuine health and food security to the world without using GM technology and going against the wishes of the vast majority of people.
Only the political will is missing.
Dr. Mae-Wan Ho, Director; Institute of Science in Society; PO Box 32097 London; NW1 0XR UK
Email: m.w.ho@i-sis.org
Related Articles:
Suppressing Dissent in Science With GM Foods
Hazards of Genetically Engineered Food
GMO Crops Are An Accident Waiting to Happen
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2001/08/25/gm-foods-part-four.aspx
Posted by Dr. Mercola | August 25 2001 | 4,949 views
by Dr. Mae-Wan Ho
As one of the many scientists presenting evidence to the Royal Commission on Genetic Engineering, I had high hopes that New Zealand would assume moral and intellectual leadership in rejecting this dangerous technology bolstered by degenerate science, so obviously serving the corporate agenda instead of the public good.
It has become increasingly evident that GM technology is inherently hazardous and unreliable both in agriculture and in medicine. The list of failures is growing apace. Let me mention a few recent examples that came to light since I presented evidence to the Commission.
GM crops are inherently unstable, and this is fully borne out by numerous new scientific publications. Even the top 'success', Roundup Ready soy, is showing every sign of breakdown: reduced yield, non-germination, diseases and infestation by new pests.
Molecular genetic characterization, the first ever done on any commercially grown GM crop so far, has confirmed that both the GM construct of Roundup Ready soy and the host genome have been scrambled (rearranged), and hundreds of basepairs of unknown DNA has got in as well.
The 'next generation' crops are even worse. I draw your attention especially to those developed with terminator technologies aimed at protecting corporate patents and preventing farmers from saving and replanting seeds. Many are currently field tested and commercially grown as 'male sterile' crops.
Not only are the constructs more complicated and hence more unstable and prone to horizontal gene transfer, the gene products used are cell poisons or recombinases, ie, genome scramblers. Female-sterile and even male-sterile genes (yes!) are being spread via pollen. These dangerous genes will spread and wipe out other crops as well as wild plant species.
It has become all too clear that GM agriculture cannot co-exist with other forms of agriculture. Bees are known to travel up to10km or more in foraging for pollen.
There is no way to prevent the horizontal spread of GM constructs to unrelated species, which can occur in all environments, including the digestive and respiratory tracts of animals.
There are both sound a priori reasons as well as empirical evidence to support my contention, shared by other scientists that GM constructs may more likely spread horizontally than non-manipulated DNA. Let me reiterate them here.
GM constructs are designed to cross species barriers and invade genomes. They possess homologies to a wide combination of viral and bacterial DNA and are hence much more likely to recombine with, and transfer genes to all those agents.
GM constructs are well known to be structurally unstable and hence prone to fragment and recombine. Some constructs such as those with the CaMV 35S promoter are extra unstable on account of the presence of recombination hotspots.
I have mentioned the now abundant empirical evidence of structural instability of transgenic DNA and trangenic plants above. The CaMV 35S promoter has been shown to be extra unstable in GM crops. And horizontal transfer of transgenic DNA has been demonstrated both in the laboratory and in the field.
I note from your report that Dr Daniel Cohen, a plant scientist in the Plant Health and Development group of HortResearch, had attempted to refute my warnings about the CaMV 35S promoter.
But he, like other GM proponents, had failed to counter my point that the isolated, recombined CaMV 35S promoter cannot be equated with the promoter in the intact viral genome or the intact virus.
The intact viral genome had evolved over millions of years. The host range of the virus itself is restricted to the cabbage family, and it has a well-tried and tested life cycle in the host cell that does not require integration into the host genome. The fact that no transfer from the virus into the plant genome has taken place in the course of evolution attests to the effective biological barriers that keep species distinct.
The same promoter, removed from the viral genome and put next to strange genes in the GM construct, is entirely different. It now functions promiscuously across the living world, including animal and human cells.
Its destabilizing effect on GM crops is such that many scientists, including those who pioneered its use, are now phasing it out. There is no justification for releasing any GM crop containing the CaMV35S promoter into the environment.
I note that you have approved the field release of GM tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea) for resistance to tamarillo mosaic virus at Kerikeri Research Station. This crop not only contains CaMV 35S promoter, but also has a kanamycin resistance marker gene.
The approval of this marker gene was a regulatory blunder committed in the United States and elsewhere, as it is clear that kanamycin is still widely in clinical use, and the marker gene confers resistance to new generation aminoglycosides as well. There is also plenty of evidence that GM crops with viral genes are prone to give rise to recombinant viruses, some of which more virulent than the 'wild type'.
When I first drew attention to horizontal gene transfer in 1995, proponents of GM technology reacted by denying it exists. Now they, like Dr. Daniel Cohen, are saying it does not matter because it is a natural process.
Horizontal gene transfer may have occurred in our evolutionary past, but GM constructs are anything but natural. They are synthetic genes and new combinations of genes that have never existed in billions of years of evolution, and cannot in any sense be regarded as natural.
And, I am afraid, the GM proponents will have to change their tune again; for a rigorous reanalysis of the human genome and other data has failed to substantiate the claim that the human genome has 113 to 226 bacterial genes transferred into it.
The actual number could well be no more than a few, or none at all. What is the lesson? Precisely as I have always said, horizontal gene transfer does not readily happen without genetic engineering.
Genetic engineering enhances it, with dangerous consequences.
In biomedical applications, the gene-centered approach is equally misplaced and pernicious. So-called 'health genomics' is a drain on our intellectual and financial resources. It is preventing us from addressing the real, overwhelming causes of ill health: poverty, malnutrition, social injustice and environmental pollution.
It is stigmatizing and victimizing those most in need of care and treatment, and making even the most unethical applications, such as human cloning and 'therapeutic human cloning', seem compelling.
Furthermore, the 'cures' on offer are literally deadly. The toll from 'gene therapy' trials so far is at least 6 deaths and more than 650 adverse events.
It is now admitted that gene therapy has been oversold by the scientists themselves. Presumed stem cells from human fetuses transplanted into the brain of 5 Parkinson's patients turned into an irredeemable nightmare because the cells grew uncontrollably.
The latest verdict from an international team of cloners is that mice embryonic stem cells are uncontrollably variable in culture, the clones themselves are also subject to uncontrollable and unpredictable variations and defects.
And xenotransplantation is widely condemned because there is clear evidence that endogenous viruses from animal organs can cross into humans.
New lethal viruses continue to be created in genetic engineering labs, some of the latest being SHIVs, hybrids of human and monkey AIDS viruses that can infect both.
Finally, AIDS virologists have issued serious warning against AIDS vaccines that undermine the immune system, making it more susceptible to viral infections, and have the potential to generate lethal viruses and bacteria in the vaccinated populations.
A sweeping paradigm change is long overdue if we are to survive the destruction that reductionist science and technology have wrought on us and on our planet.
We have all the means to deliver genuine health and food security to the world without using GM technology and going against the wishes of the vast majority of people.
Only the political will is missing.
Dr. Mae-Wan Ho, Director; Institute of Science in Society; PO Box 32097 London; NW1 0XR UK
Email: m.w.ho@i-sis.org
Related Articles:
Suppressing Dissent in Science With GM Foods
Hazards of Genetically Engineered Food
GMO Crops Are An Accident Waiting to Happen
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2001/08/25/gm-foods-part-four.aspx
United States Grows More GM Crops Than Any Other Country
United States Grows More GM Crops Than Any Other Country
Posted by Dr. Mercola | September 10 2003 | 2,392 views
The United States has planted more GM crops than any other country each year since 1996, when GM crops were first made available commercially. The United States grows two-thirds of all biotechnology crops on over 96 million acres.
From 1996 to 2002 there was a 20-fold increase in the area allotted to GM foods in the United States, which is the fastest growth rate of any country.
GM foods grown in the United States include corn, cotton, soybeans, canola, squash and papaya.
Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology
August, 2003
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
It’s bad enough that the United States allows GM crops to be grown at all, and it is even worse that we grow two-thirds of GM crops worldwide.
Many respectable scientists are concerned about, and nearly all of Europe has strong opposition to, this technology.
Consuming genetically modified foods is like participating in a giant experiment. There is no telling what the consequences of using these genetically modified foods will be because these products have never existed before now.
It seems clear that these altered foods are capable of producing changes in humans. Already, investigators have found that rats fed genetically modified potatoes had an increased thickening in the lining of their stomach and intestine and a weakening of their immune system.
Further, some scientists want to put vaccines into plants without any real knowledge of what effects this unnatural addition will have on human health, or the health of our planet.
What these scientists have failed to fully appreciate is that once these genetically modified plants are growing it is physically impossible to prevent them from pollinating other plants, thereby contaminating them with these new proteins, of which we do not know the long-term consequences.
The absurdity of the entire process is mind-boggling. These scientists are willing to sacrifice the country’s food supply by adding vaccines, which do not even work in the first place, to plants.
If this continues, our grandchildren may not have access to any non-genetically modified food, and the health of our society may continue to rapidly decline.
One of the keys to health is good food. Although most of us don't choose to do so, we can still purchase real, unaltered food in this country. Sadly, the future does not appear to provide this option.
For now, your best bet is to try to purchase organic foods that do not contain GM ingredients. However, this will likely become increasingly difficult as the amount of GM crops in the United States increases and cross-pollination of GM crops with organic crops becomes inevitable.
Related Articles:
GM Crops Raise Price of Organic Food
Why Genetically Modified Crops Can Devastate Health
Prominent Scientists Form Group to Counter GM Food
The Dangers of Genetic Engineering
Europeans More Resistant to Genetically Modified Foods
All Organic Seeds Now Appear to Be Contaminated With Genetically Modified Crops
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2003/09/10/gm-crops-part-eight.aspx
Posted by Dr. Mercola | September 10 2003 | 2,392 views
The United States has planted more GM crops than any other country each year since 1996, when GM crops were first made available commercially. The United States grows two-thirds of all biotechnology crops on over 96 million acres.
From 1996 to 2002 there was a 20-fold increase in the area allotted to GM foods in the United States, which is the fastest growth rate of any country.
GM foods grown in the United States include corn, cotton, soybeans, canola, squash and papaya.
Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology
August, 2003
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
It’s bad enough that the United States allows GM crops to be grown at all, and it is even worse that we grow two-thirds of GM crops worldwide.
Many respectable scientists are concerned about, and nearly all of Europe has strong opposition to, this technology.
Consuming genetically modified foods is like participating in a giant experiment. There is no telling what the consequences of using these genetically modified foods will be because these products have never existed before now.
It seems clear that these altered foods are capable of producing changes in humans. Already, investigators have found that rats fed genetically modified potatoes had an increased thickening in the lining of their stomach and intestine and a weakening of their immune system.
Further, some scientists want to put vaccines into plants without any real knowledge of what effects this unnatural addition will have on human health, or the health of our planet.
What these scientists have failed to fully appreciate is that once these genetically modified plants are growing it is physically impossible to prevent them from pollinating other plants, thereby contaminating them with these new proteins, of which we do not know the long-term consequences.
The absurdity of the entire process is mind-boggling. These scientists are willing to sacrifice the country’s food supply by adding vaccines, which do not even work in the first place, to plants.
If this continues, our grandchildren may not have access to any non-genetically modified food, and the health of our society may continue to rapidly decline.
One of the keys to health is good food. Although most of us don't choose to do so, we can still purchase real, unaltered food in this country. Sadly, the future does not appear to provide this option.
For now, your best bet is to try to purchase organic foods that do not contain GM ingredients. However, this will likely become increasingly difficult as the amount of GM crops in the United States increases and cross-pollination of GM crops with organic crops becomes inevitable.
Related Articles:
GM Crops Raise Price of Organic Food
Why Genetically Modified Crops Can Devastate Health
Prominent Scientists Form Group to Counter GM Food
The Dangers of Genetic Engineering
Europeans More Resistant to Genetically Modified Foods
All Organic Seeds Now Appear to Be Contaminated With Genetically Modified Crops
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2003/09/10/gm-crops-part-eight.aspx
Why Genetically Modified Crops Can Devastate Health
Why Genetically Modified Crops Can Devastate Health
Posted by Dr. Mercola | July 02 2003 | 8,910 views
1. GM crops failed to deliver promised benefits
The consistent finding from independent research and on-farm surveys since 1999 is that GM crops have failed to deliver the promised benefits of significantly increasing yields or reducing herbicide and pesticide use. GM crops have cost the United States an estimated $12 billion in farm subsidies, lost sales and product recalls due to transgenic contamination. Massive failures in Bt cotton of up to 100 percent were reported in India.
Biotech corporations have suffered rapid decline since 2000, and investment advisors forecast no future for the agricultural sector. Meanwhile worldwide resistance to GM has reached a climax in 2002 when Zambia refused GM maize in food aid despite the threat of famine.
2. GM crops posing escalating problems on the farm
The instability of transgenic lines has plagued the industry from the beginning, and this may be responsible for a string of major crop failures. A review in 1994 stated, "While there are some examples of plants which show stable expression of a transgene these may prove to be the exceptions to the rule. In an informal survey of over 30 companies involved in the commercialization of transgenic crop plants ... almost all of the respondents indicated that they had observed some level of transgene inaction. Many respondents indicated that most cases of transgene inactivation never reach the literature."
Triple herbicide-tolerant oilseed rape volunteers that have combined transgenic and non-transgenic traits are now widespread in Canada. Similar multiple herbicide-tolerant volunteers and weeds have emerged in the United States. In the United States, glyphosate-tolerant weeds are plaguing GM cotton and soya fields, and atrazine, one of the most toxic herbicides, has had to be used with glufosinate-tolerant GM maize.
Bt biopesticide traits are simultaneously threatening to create superweeds and Bt- resistant pests.
3. Extensive transgenic contamination unavoidable
Extensive transgenic contamination has occurred in maize landraces growing in remote regions in Mexico despite an official moratorium that has been in place since 1998. High levels of contamination have since been found in Canada. In a test of 33 certified seed stocks, 32 were found contaminated.
New research shows that transgenic pollen, wind-blown and deposited elsewhere, or fallen directly to the ground, is a major source of transgenic contamination. Contamination is generally acknowledged to be unavoidable, hence there can be no co-existence of transgenic and non-transgenic crops.
4. GM crops not safe
Contrary to the claims of proponents, GM crops have not been proven safe. The regulatory framework was fatally flawed from the start. It was based on an anti-precautionary approach designed to expedite product approval at the expense of safety considerations. The principle of 'substantial equivalence', on which risk assessment is based, is intended to be vague and ill-defined, thereby giving companies complete license in claiming transgenic products 'substantially equivalent' to non-transgenic products, and hence 'safe.'
5. GM food raises serious safety concerns
There have been very few credible studies on GM food safety. Nevertheless, the available findings already give cause for concern. In the still only systematic investigation on GM food ever carried out in the world, 'growth factor-like' effects were found in the stomach and small intestine of young rats that were not fully accounted for by the transgene product, and were hence attributable to the transgenic process or the transgenic construct, and may hence be general to all GM food. There have been at least two other, more limited, studies that also raised serious safety concerns.
6. Dangerous gene products are incorporated into crops
Bt proteins, incorporated into 25 percent of all transgenic crops worldwide, have been found harmful to a range of non-target insects. Some of them are also potent immunogens and allergens. A team of scientists have cautioned against releasing Bt crops for human use.
Food crops are increasingly used to produce pharmaceuticals and drugs, including cytokines known to suppress the immune system, induce sickness and central nervous system toxicity; interferon alpha, reported to cause dementia, neurotoxicity and mood and cognitive side effects; vaccines; and viral sequences such as the 'spike' protein gene of the pig coronavirus, in the same family as the SARS virus linked to the current epidemic. The glycoprotein gene gp120 of the AIDS virus HIV-1, incorporated into GM maize as a 'cheap, edible oral vaccine', serves as yet another biological time-bomb, as it can interfere with the immune system and recombine with viruses and bacteria to generate new and unpredictable pathogens.
7. Terminator crops spread male sterility
Crops engineered with 'suicide' genes for male sterility have been promoted as a means of 'containing', i.e. preventing, the spread of transgenes. In reality, the hybrid crops sold to farmers spread both male sterile suicide genes as well herbicide tolerance genes via pollen.
8. Broad-spectrum herbicides highly toxic to humans and other species
Glufosinate ammonium and glyphosate are used with the herbicide-tolerant transgenic crops that currently account for 75 percent of all transgenic crops worldwide. Both are systemic metabolic poisons expected to have a wide range of harmful effects, and these have been confirmed.
Glufosinate ammonium is linked to neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal and hematological toxicities, and birth defects in humans and mammals. It is toxic to butterflies and a number of beneficial insects, also to the larvae of clams and oysters, Daphnia and some freshwater fish, especially the rainbow trout. It inhibits beneficial soil bacteria and fungi, especially those that fix nitrogen.
Glyphosate is the most frequent cause of complaints and poisoning in the UK. Disturbances of many body functions have been reported after exposures at normal use levels.
Glyphosate exposure nearly doubled the risk of late spontaneous abortion, and children born to users of glyphosate had elevated neurobehavioral defects. Glyphosate caused retarded development of the foetal skeleton in laboratory rats. Glyphosate inhibits the synthesis of steroids, and is genotoxic in mammals, fish and frogs. Field dose exposure of earthworms caused at least 50 percent mortality and significant intestinal damage among surviving worms. Roundup caused cell division dysfunction that may be linked to human cancers.
The known effects of both glufosinate and glyphosate are sufficiently serious for all further uses of the herbicides to be halted.
9. Genetic engineering creates super-viruses
By far the most insidious dangers of genetic engineering are inherent to the process itself, which greatly enhances the scope and probability of horizontal gene transfer and recombination, the main route to creating viruses and bacteria that cause disease epidemics. This was highlighted in 2001 by the 'accidental' creation of a killer mouse virus in the course of an apparently innocent genetic engineering experiment.
Newer techniques, such as DNA shuffling are allowing geneticists to create in a matter of minutes in the laboratory millions of recombinant viruses that have never existed in billions of years of evolution. Disease-causing viruses and bacteria and their genetic material are the predominant materials and tools for genetic engineering, as much as for the intentional creation of bio-weapons.
10. Transgenic DNA in food taken up by bacteria in human gut
There is already experimental evidence that transgenic DNA from plants has been taken up by bacteria in the soil and in the gut of human volunteers. Antibiotic resistance marker genes can spread from transgenic food to pathogenic bacteria, making infections very difficult to treat.
11. Transgenic DNA and cancer
Transgenic DNA is known to survive digestion in the gut and to jump into the genome of mammalian cells, raising the possibility for triggering cancer.
The possibility cannot be excluded that feeding GM products such as maize to animals also carries risks, not just for the animals but also for human beings consuming the animal products.
12. CaMV 35S promoter increases horizontal gene transfer
Evidence suggests that transgenic constructs with the CaMV 35S promoter might be especially unstable and prone to horizontal gene transfer and recombination, with all the attendant hazards: gene mutations due to random insertion, cancer, reactivation of dormant viruses and generation of new viruses. This promoter is present in most GM crops being grown commercially today.
13. A history of misrepresentation and suppression of scientific evidence
There has been a history of misrepresentation and suppression of scientific evidence, especially on horizontal gene transfer. Key experiments failed to be performed, or were performed badly and then misrepresented. Many experiments were not followed up, including investigations on whether the CaMV 35S promoter is responsible for the 'growth-factor-like' effects observed in young rats fed GM potatoes.
In conclusion, GM crops have failed to deliver the promised benefits and are posing escalating problems on the farm. Transgenic contamination is now widely acknowledged to be unavoidable, and hence there can be no co-existence of GM and non-GM agriculture. Most important of all, GM crops have not been proven safe. On the contrary, sufficient evidence has emerged to raise serious safety concerns, that if ignored could result in irreversible damage to health and the environment. GM crops should be firmly rejected now.
Why Sustainable Agriculture?
1. Higher productivity and yields, especially in the Third World
Some 8.98 million farmers have adopted sustainable agriculture practices on 28.92 million hectares in Asia, Latin America and Africa. Reliable data from 89 projects show higher productivity and yields: 50 percent to 100 percent increase in yield for rain-fed crops, and five percent to 10 percent for irrigated crops. Top successes include Burkina Faso, which turned a cereal deficit of 644 kg per year to an annual surplus of 153 kg; Ethiopia, where 12,500 households enjoyed a 60 percent increase in crop yields; and Honduras and Guatemala, where 45,000 families increased yields from 400 to 600 kg/ha to 2,000 to 2,500 kg/ha.
Long-term studies in industrialized countries show yields for organic comparable to conventional agriculture, and sometimes higher.
2. Better soils
Sustainable agricultural practices tend to reduce soil erosion, as well as improve soil physical structure and water-holding capacity, which are crucial in averting crop failures during periods of drought.
Soil fertility is maintained or increased by various sustainable agriculture practices. Studies show that soil organic matter and nitrogen levels are higher in organic than in conventional fields.
Biological activity has also been found to be higher in organic soils. There are more earthworms, arthropods, mycorrhizal and other fungi, and microorganisms, all of which are beneficial for nutrient recycling and suppression of disease.
3. Cleaner environment
There is little or no polluting chemical-input with sustainable agriculture. Moreover, research suggests that less nitrate and phosphorus are leached to groundwater from organic soils.
Better water infiltration rates are found in organic systems. Therefore, they are less prone to erosion and less likely to contribute to water pollution from surface runoff.
4. Reduced pesticides and no increase in pests
Organic farming prohibits routine pesticide application. Integrated pest management has cut the number of pesticide sprays in Vietnam from 3.4 to one per season, in Sri Lanka from 2.9 to 0.5 per season, and in Indonesia from 2.9 to 1.1 per season.
Research showed no increase in crop losses due to pest damage, despite the withdrawal of synthetic insecticides in Californian tomato production.
Pest control is achievable without pesticides, reversing crop losses, as for example, by using 'trap crops' to attract stem borer, a major pest in East Africa. Other benefits of avoiding pesticides arise from utilizing the complex inter-relationships between species in an ecosystem.
5. Supporting biodiversity and using diversity
Sustainable agriculture promotes agricultural biodiversity, which is crucial for food security and rural livelihoods. Organic farming can also support much greater biodiversity, benefiting species that have significantly declined.
Biodiverse systems are more productive than monocultures. Integrated farming systems in Cuba are 1.45 to 2.82 times more productive than monocultures. Thousands of Chinese rice farmers have doubled yields and nearly eliminated the most devastating disease simply by mixed planting of two varieties.
Soil biodiversity is enhanced by organic practices, bringing beneficial effects such as recovery and rehabilitation of degraded soils, improved soil structure and water infiltration.
6. Environmentally and economically sustainable
Research on apple production systems ranked the organic system first in environmental and economic sustainability, the integrated system second and the conventional system last. Organic apples were most profitable due to price premiums, quicker investment return and fast recovery of costs.
A Europe-wide study showed that organic farming performs better than conventional farming in the majority of environmental indicators. A review by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concluded that well-managed organic agriculture leads to more favorable conditions at all environmental levels.
7. Ameliorating climate change by reducing direct & indirect energy use
Organic agriculture uses energy much more efficiently and greatly reduces CO2 emissions compared with conventional agriculture, both with respect to direct energy consumption in fuel and oil and indirect consumption in synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
Sustainable agriculture restores soil organic matter content, increasing carbon sequestration below ground, thereby recovering an important carbon sink. Organic systems have shown significant ability to absorb and retain carbon, raising the possibility that sustainable agriculture practices can help reduce the impact of global warming.
Organic agriculture is likely to emit less nitrous dioxide (N2O), another important greenhouse gas and also a cause of stratospheric ozone depletion.
8. Efficient, profitable production
Any yield reduction in organic agriculture is more than offset by ecological and efficiency gains. Research has shown that the organic approach can be commercially viable in the long-term, producing more food per unit of energy or resources.
Data show that smaller farms produce far more per unit area than the larger farms characteristic of conventional farming. Though the yield per unit area of one crop may be lower on a small farm than on a large monoculture, the total output per unit area, often composed of more than a dozen crops and various animal products, can be far higher.
Production costs for organic farming are often lower than for conventional farming, bringing equivalent or higher net returns even without organic price premiums. When price premiums are factored in, organic systems are almost always more profitable.
9. Improved food security and benefits to local communities
A review of sustainable agriculture projects in developing countries showed that average food production per household increased by 1.71 tons per year (up 73 percent) for 4.42 million farmers on 3.58 million hectares, bringing food security and health benefits to local communities.
Increasing agricultural productivity has been shown to also increase food supplies and raise incomes, thereby reducing poverty, increasing access to food, reducing malnutrition and improving health and livelihoods.
Sustainable agricultural approaches draw extensively on traditional and indigenous knowledge, and place emphasis on the farmers' experience and innovation. This thereby utilizes appropriate, low-cost and readily available local resources as well as improves farmers' status and autonomy, enhancing social and cultural relations within local communities.
10. Better food quality for health
Organic food is safer as organic farming prohibits routine pesticide and herbicide use so harmful chemical residues are rarely found.
Organic production also bans the use of artificial food additives such as hydrogenated fats, phosphoric acid, aspartame and monosodium glutamate, which have been linked to health problems as diverse as heart disease, osteoporosis, migraines and hyperactivity.
Studies have shown that, on average, organic food has higher vitamin C, higher mineral levels and higher plant phenolics--plant compounds that can fight cancer and heart disease, and combat age-related neurological dysfunctions--and significantly less nitrates, a toxic compound.
Sustainable agricultural practices have proven beneficial in all aspects relevant to health and the environment. In addition, they bring food security and social and cultural well-being to local communities everywhere. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive global shift to all forms of sustainable agriculture.
Independent Science Panel Report June 15, 2003
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
Many respectable scientists are concerned about, and nearly all of Europe has strong opposition to, genetically modified foods.
This is a wise choice as consuming genetically modified foods is like participating in a giant experiment. There is no telling what the consequences of using these genetically modified foods will be because these products have never existed before now.
It seems clear that these altered foods are capable of producing changes in humans. Already, investigators have found that rats fed genetically modified potatoes had an increased thickening in the lining of their stomach and intestine and a weakening of their immune system.
Further, some scientists want to put vaccines into plants without any real knowledge of what effects this unnatural addition will have on human health, or the health of our planet.
This is SHEER LUNACY.
What these scientists have failed to fully appreciate is that once these genetically modified plants are growing it is physically impossible to prevent them from pollinating other plants, thereby contaminating them with these new proteins, of which we do not know the long-term consequences.
The absurdity of the entire process is mind-boggling. These scientists are willing to sacrifice the country’s food supply by adding vaccines, which do not even work in the first place, to plants.
If this continues, our grandchildren may not have access to any non-genetically modified food, and the health of our society may continue to rapidly decline.
One of the keys to health is good food. Although most of us don't choose to do so, we can still purchase real, unaltered food in this country. Sadly, the future does not appear to provide this option.
Genetically modified foods did not exist prior to 1995. Ninety percent of the money Americans spend on food is spent on processed foods, and seventy percent of processed foods have genetically modified foods in them.
There have been NO STUDIES done with humans to show what happens when genetically modified foods are consumed. The FDA has ASSUMED that these modified foods are equivalent to the original foods and does not require any studies to have them approved, despite the fact that this technology has never before existed in the history of the world.
On the other hand, sustainable agriculture provides a method to produce healthier food that is also better for the environment. It’s time to start looking at long-term consequences--switching to sustainable farming methods will preserve our health and planet, rather than destroy them.
Related Articles:
Prominent Scientists Form Group to Counter GM Food
GM Crops Raise Price of Organic Food
Pig Vaccine Contaminates U.S. Crops
Genetically Modified Foods, Inc.
Genetically Modified Food Genes Contaminate Humans
All Organic Seeds Now Appear to Be Contaminated With Genetically Modified Crops
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2003/07/02/gm-crops-part-six.aspx
Posted by Dr. Mercola | July 02 2003 | 8,910 views
1. GM crops failed to deliver promised benefits
The consistent finding from independent research and on-farm surveys since 1999 is that GM crops have failed to deliver the promised benefits of significantly increasing yields or reducing herbicide and pesticide use. GM crops have cost the United States an estimated $12 billion in farm subsidies, lost sales and product recalls due to transgenic contamination. Massive failures in Bt cotton of up to 100 percent were reported in India.
Biotech corporations have suffered rapid decline since 2000, and investment advisors forecast no future for the agricultural sector. Meanwhile worldwide resistance to GM has reached a climax in 2002 when Zambia refused GM maize in food aid despite the threat of famine.
2. GM crops posing escalating problems on the farm
The instability of transgenic lines has plagued the industry from the beginning, and this may be responsible for a string of major crop failures. A review in 1994 stated, "While there are some examples of plants which show stable expression of a transgene these may prove to be the exceptions to the rule. In an informal survey of over 30 companies involved in the commercialization of transgenic crop plants ... almost all of the respondents indicated that they had observed some level of transgene inaction. Many respondents indicated that most cases of transgene inactivation never reach the literature."
Triple herbicide-tolerant oilseed rape volunteers that have combined transgenic and non-transgenic traits are now widespread in Canada. Similar multiple herbicide-tolerant volunteers and weeds have emerged in the United States. In the United States, glyphosate-tolerant weeds are plaguing GM cotton and soya fields, and atrazine, one of the most toxic herbicides, has had to be used with glufosinate-tolerant GM maize.
Bt biopesticide traits are simultaneously threatening to create superweeds and Bt- resistant pests.
3. Extensive transgenic contamination unavoidable
Extensive transgenic contamination has occurred in maize landraces growing in remote regions in Mexico despite an official moratorium that has been in place since 1998. High levels of contamination have since been found in Canada. In a test of 33 certified seed stocks, 32 were found contaminated.
New research shows that transgenic pollen, wind-blown and deposited elsewhere, or fallen directly to the ground, is a major source of transgenic contamination. Contamination is generally acknowledged to be unavoidable, hence there can be no co-existence of transgenic and non-transgenic crops.
4. GM crops not safe
Contrary to the claims of proponents, GM crops have not been proven safe. The regulatory framework was fatally flawed from the start. It was based on an anti-precautionary approach designed to expedite product approval at the expense of safety considerations. The principle of 'substantial equivalence', on which risk assessment is based, is intended to be vague and ill-defined, thereby giving companies complete license in claiming transgenic products 'substantially equivalent' to non-transgenic products, and hence 'safe.'
5. GM food raises serious safety concerns
There have been very few credible studies on GM food safety. Nevertheless, the available findings already give cause for concern. In the still only systematic investigation on GM food ever carried out in the world, 'growth factor-like' effects were found in the stomach and small intestine of young rats that were not fully accounted for by the transgene product, and were hence attributable to the transgenic process or the transgenic construct, and may hence be general to all GM food. There have been at least two other, more limited, studies that also raised serious safety concerns.
6. Dangerous gene products are incorporated into crops
Bt proteins, incorporated into 25 percent of all transgenic crops worldwide, have been found harmful to a range of non-target insects. Some of them are also potent immunogens and allergens. A team of scientists have cautioned against releasing Bt crops for human use.
Food crops are increasingly used to produce pharmaceuticals and drugs, including cytokines known to suppress the immune system, induce sickness and central nervous system toxicity; interferon alpha, reported to cause dementia, neurotoxicity and mood and cognitive side effects; vaccines; and viral sequences such as the 'spike' protein gene of the pig coronavirus, in the same family as the SARS virus linked to the current epidemic. The glycoprotein gene gp120 of the AIDS virus HIV-1, incorporated into GM maize as a 'cheap, edible oral vaccine', serves as yet another biological time-bomb, as it can interfere with the immune system and recombine with viruses and bacteria to generate new and unpredictable pathogens.
7. Terminator crops spread male sterility
Crops engineered with 'suicide' genes for male sterility have been promoted as a means of 'containing', i.e. preventing, the spread of transgenes. In reality, the hybrid crops sold to farmers spread both male sterile suicide genes as well herbicide tolerance genes via pollen.
8. Broad-spectrum herbicides highly toxic to humans and other species
Glufosinate ammonium and glyphosate are used with the herbicide-tolerant transgenic crops that currently account for 75 percent of all transgenic crops worldwide. Both are systemic metabolic poisons expected to have a wide range of harmful effects, and these have been confirmed.
Glufosinate ammonium is linked to neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal and hematological toxicities, and birth defects in humans and mammals. It is toxic to butterflies and a number of beneficial insects, also to the larvae of clams and oysters, Daphnia and some freshwater fish, especially the rainbow trout. It inhibits beneficial soil bacteria and fungi, especially those that fix nitrogen.
Glyphosate is the most frequent cause of complaints and poisoning in the UK. Disturbances of many body functions have been reported after exposures at normal use levels.
Glyphosate exposure nearly doubled the risk of late spontaneous abortion, and children born to users of glyphosate had elevated neurobehavioral defects. Glyphosate caused retarded development of the foetal skeleton in laboratory rats. Glyphosate inhibits the synthesis of steroids, and is genotoxic in mammals, fish and frogs. Field dose exposure of earthworms caused at least 50 percent mortality and significant intestinal damage among surviving worms. Roundup caused cell division dysfunction that may be linked to human cancers.
The known effects of both glufosinate and glyphosate are sufficiently serious for all further uses of the herbicides to be halted.
9. Genetic engineering creates super-viruses
By far the most insidious dangers of genetic engineering are inherent to the process itself, which greatly enhances the scope and probability of horizontal gene transfer and recombination, the main route to creating viruses and bacteria that cause disease epidemics. This was highlighted in 2001 by the 'accidental' creation of a killer mouse virus in the course of an apparently innocent genetic engineering experiment.
Newer techniques, such as DNA shuffling are allowing geneticists to create in a matter of minutes in the laboratory millions of recombinant viruses that have never existed in billions of years of evolution. Disease-causing viruses and bacteria and their genetic material are the predominant materials and tools for genetic engineering, as much as for the intentional creation of bio-weapons.
10. Transgenic DNA in food taken up by bacteria in human gut
There is already experimental evidence that transgenic DNA from plants has been taken up by bacteria in the soil and in the gut of human volunteers. Antibiotic resistance marker genes can spread from transgenic food to pathogenic bacteria, making infections very difficult to treat.
11. Transgenic DNA and cancer
Transgenic DNA is known to survive digestion in the gut and to jump into the genome of mammalian cells, raising the possibility for triggering cancer.
The possibility cannot be excluded that feeding GM products such as maize to animals also carries risks, not just for the animals but also for human beings consuming the animal products.
12. CaMV 35S promoter increases horizontal gene transfer
Evidence suggests that transgenic constructs with the CaMV 35S promoter might be especially unstable and prone to horizontal gene transfer and recombination, with all the attendant hazards: gene mutations due to random insertion, cancer, reactivation of dormant viruses and generation of new viruses. This promoter is present in most GM crops being grown commercially today.
13. A history of misrepresentation and suppression of scientific evidence
There has been a history of misrepresentation and suppression of scientific evidence, especially on horizontal gene transfer. Key experiments failed to be performed, or were performed badly and then misrepresented. Many experiments were not followed up, including investigations on whether the CaMV 35S promoter is responsible for the 'growth-factor-like' effects observed in young rats fed GM potatoes.
In conclusion, GM crops have failed to deliver the promised benefits and are posing escalating problems on the farm. Transgenic contamination is now widely acknowledged to be unavoidable, and hence there can be no co-existence of GM and non-GM agriculture. Most important of all, GM crops have not been proven safe. On the contrary, sufficient evidence has emerged to raise serious safety concerns, that if ignored could result in irreversible damage to health and the environment. GM crops should be firmly rejected now.
Why Sustainable Agriculture?
1. Higher productivity and yields, especially in the Third World
Some 8.98 million farmers have adopted sustainable agriculture practices on 28.92 million hectares in Asia, Latin America and Africa. Reliable data from 89 projects show higher productivity and yields: 50 percent to 100 percent increase in yield for rain-fed crops, and five percent to 10 percent for irrigated crops. Top successes include Burkina Faso, which turned a cereal deficit of 644 kg per year to an annual surplus of 153 kg; Ethiopia, where 12,500 households enjoyed a 60 percent increase in crop yields; and Honduras and Guatemala, where 45,000 families increased yields from 400 to 600 kg/ha to 2,000 to 2,500 kg/ha.
Long-term studies in industrialized countries show yields for organic comparable to conventional agriculture, and sometimes higher.
2. Better soils
Sustainable agricultural practices tend to reduce soil erosion, as well as improve soil physical structure and water-holding capacity, which are crucial in averting crop failures during periods of drought.
Soil fertility is maintained or increased by various sustainable agriculture practices. Studies show that soil organic matter and nitrogen levels are higher in organic than in conventional fields.
Biological activity has also been found to be higher in organic soils. There are more earthworms, arthropods, mycorrhizal and other fungi, and microorganisms, all of which are beneficial for nutrient recycling and suppression of disease.
3. Cleaner environment
There is little or no polluting chemical-input with sustainable agriculture. Moreover, research suggests that less nitrate and phosphorus are leached to groundwater from organic soils.
Better water infiltration rates are found in organic systems. Therefore, they are less prone to erosion and less likely to contribute to water pollution from surface runoff.
4. Reduced pesticides and no increase in pests
Organic farming prohibits routine pesticide application. Integrated pest management has cut the number of pesticide sprays in Vietnam from 3.4 to one per season, in Sri Lanka from 2.9 to 0.5 per season, and in Indonesia from 2.9 to 1.1 per season.
Research showed no increase in crop losses due to pest damage, despite the withdrawal of synthetic insecticides in Californian tomato production.
Pest control is achievable without pesticides, reversing crop losses, as for example, by using 'trap crops' to attract stem borer, a major pest in East Africa. Other benefits of avoiding pesticides arise from utilizing the complex inter-relationships between species in an ecosystem.
5. Supporting biodiversity and using diversity
Sustainable agriculture promotes agricultural biodiversity, which is crucial for food security and rural livelihoods. Organic farming can also support much greater biodiversity, benefiting species that have significantly declined.
Biodiverse systems are more productive than monocultures. Integrated farming systems in Cuba are 1.45 to 2.82 times more productive than monocultures. Thousands of Chinese rice farmers have doubled yields and nearly eliminated the most devastating disease simply by mixed planting of two varieties.
Soil biodiversity is enhanced by organic practices, bringing beneficial effects such as recovery and rehabilitation of degraded soils, improved soil structure and water infiltration.
6. Environmentally and economically sustainable
Research on apple production systems ranked the organic system first in environmental and economic sustainability, the integrated system second and the conventional system last. Organic apples were most profitable due to price premiums, quicker investment return and fast recovery of costs.
A Europe-wide study showed that organic farming performs better than conventional farming in the majority of environmental indicators. A review by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concluded that well-managed organic agriculture leads to more favorable conditions at all environmental levels.
7. Ameliorating climate change by reducing direct & indirect energy use
Organic agriculture uses energy much more efficiently and greatly reduces CO2 emissions compared with conventional agriculture, both with respect to direct energy consumption in fuel and oil and indirect consumption in synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
Sustainable agriculture restores soil organic matter content, increasing carbon sequestration below ground, thereby recovering an important carbon sink. Organic systems have shown significant ability to absorb and retain carbon, raising the possibility that sustainable agriculture practices can help reduce the impact of global warming.
Organic agriculture is likely to emit less nitrous dioxide (N2O), another important greenhouse gas and also a cause of stratospheric ozone depletion.
8. Efficient, profitable production
Any yield reduction in organic agriculture is more than offset by ecological and efficiency gains. Research has shown that the organic approach can be commercially viable in the long-term, producing more food per unit of energy or resources.
Data show that smaller farms produce far more per unit area than the larger farms characteristic of conventional farming. Though the yield per unit area of one crop may be lower on a small farm than on a large monoculture, the total output per unit area, often composed of more than a dozen crops and various animal products, can be far higher.
Production costs for organic farming are often lower than for conventional farming, bringing equivalent or higher net returns even without organic price premiums. When price premiums are factored in, organic systems are almost always more profitable.
9. Improved food security and benefits to local communities
A review of sustainable agriculture projects in developing countries showed that average food production per household increased by 1.71 tons per year (up 73 percent) for 4.42 million farmers on 3.58 million hectares, bringing food security and health benefits to local communities.
Increasing agricultural productivity has been shown to also increase food supplies and raise incomes, thereby reducing poverty, increasing access to food, reducing malnutrition and improving health and livelihoods.
Sustainable agricultural approaches draw extensively on traditional and indigenous knowledge, and place emphasis on the farmers' experience and innovation. This thereby utilizes appropriate, low-cost and readily available local resources as well as improves farmers' status and autonomy, enhancing social and cultural relations within local communities.
10. Better food quality for health
Organic food is safer as organic farming prohibits routine pesticide and herbicide use so harmful chemical residues are rarely found.
Organic production also bans the use of artificial food additives such as hydrogenated fats, phosphoric acid, aspartame and monosodium glutamate, which have been linked to health problems as diverse as heart disease, osteoporosis, migraines and hyperactivity.
Studies have shown that, on average, organic food has higher vitamin C, higher mineral levels and higher plant phenolics--plant compounds that can fight cancer and heart disease, and combat age-related neurological dysfunctions--and significantly less nitrates, a toxic compound.
Sustainable agricultural practices have proven beneficial in all aspects relevant to health and the environment. In addition, they bring food security and social and cultural well-being to local communities everywhere. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive global shift to all forms of sustainable agriculture.
Independent Science Panel Report June 15, 2003
Dr. Mercola's Comments:
Many respectable scientists are concerned about, and nearly all of Europe has strong opposition to, genetically modified foods.
This is a wise choice as consuming genetically modified foods is like participating in a giant experiment. There is no telling what the consequences of using these genetically modified foods will be because these products have never existed before now.
It seems clear that these altered foods are capable of producing changes in humans. Already, investigators have found that rats fed genetically modified potatoes had an increased thickening in the lining of their stomach and intestine and a weakening of their immune system.
Further, some scientists want to put vaccines into plants without any real knowledge of what effects this unnatural addition will have on human health, or the health of our planet.
This is SHEER LUNACY.
What these scientists have failed to fully appreciate is that once these genetically modified plants are growing it is physically impossible to prevent them from pollinating other plants, thereby contaminating them with these new proteins, of which we do not know the long-term consequences.
The absurdity of the entire process is mind-boggling. These scientists are willing to sacrifice the country’s food supply by adding vaccines, which do not even work in the first place, to plants.
If this continues, our grandchildren may not have access to any non-genetically modified food, and the health of our society may continue to rapidly decline.
One of the keys to health is good food. Although most of us don't choose to do so, we can still purchase real, unaltered food in this country. Sadly, the future does not appear to provide this option.
Genetically modified foods did not exist prior to 1995. Ninety percent of the money Americans spend on food is spent on processed foods, and seventy percent of processed foods have genetically modified foods in them.
There have been NO STUDIES done with humans to show what happens when genetically modified foods are consumed. The FDA has ASSUMED that these modified foods are equivalent to the original foods and does not require any studies to have them approved, despite the fact that this technology has never before existed in the history of the world.
On the other hand, sustainable agriculture provides a method to produce healthier food that is also better for the environment. It’s time to start looking at long-term consequences--switching to sustainable farming methods will preserve our health and planet, rather than destroy them.
Related Articles:
Prominent Scientists Form Group to Counter GM Food
GM Crops Raise Price of Organic Food
Pig Vaccine Contaminates U.S. Crops
Genetically Modified Foods, Inc.
Genetically Modified Food Genes Contaminate Humans
All Organic Seeds Now Appear to Be Contaminated With Genetically Modified Crops
Source: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2003/07/02/gm-crops-part-six.aspx
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